#diaeresis

[stephenescher]

How to Evolve Your Conlang - Part 1: Sound Change

How to Evolve Your #Conlang - Part 1: Sound Change

Languages are never set in stone, and your conlang shouldn’t really be either. This is to be the first part of a recurring series on the basics of historical linguistics and how to evolve your conlang. In this first part, I will discuss the various kinds of sound changes that can occur and how to apply them to conlanging.

The obvious way to use historical linguistics in conlanging is to first…

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[pompadourpink]

Diaeresis : common words

Un tréma is this sign ¨ that you find mainly over vowels e, i + u, over vowels u + y in last names/locations and over vowels a, o + u in borrowed words. It has three functions : #1. It indicates the necessity of pronouncing separately two graphemes instead of treating them like a couple. #2. It makes a vowel mute. #3. It symbolises an umlaut (germanic sign). 

Nouns : Noël (Christmas, m), ciguë (hemlock, f), canoë (canoe, m), oïl (former name of northern/central France, bits of Belgium + Switzerland), skaï (old pu leather from the 80s), raï (north african music), ouïe (hearing, f), caïd (mob boss, m), coït (coitus, rare), païen-ne (pagan), laiüs (long annoying speech, patter, m), aïeux (forefathers), aïeul-e (grandparent), caïman (cayman, m), bonsaï (bonsai, m), naïveté (naivety, f), laïcité (secularity, f), héroïne (female heroin of a novel, drug, f), glaïeul (gladiolus, m), faïence (earthenware, f), égoïsme (selfishness, m), héroïsme (heroism, m), ambiguïté (ambiguousness, f), coïncidence (coincidence, f), dadaïsme (dadaism, m), Aïd-El-Kebir (Eid al-Adha), paranoïa (paranoia, f), 

Adjectives : aiguë (high-pitched, sharp (pain), f), exiguë (cramped, tiny, f), ambiguë (ambiguous, f), contiguë (adjacent to, f), naïf/naïve (naive), laÏc/laïque (secular, religion-neutral), haï-e (hated), inouï-e (incredible, never heard of before), ovoïde (egg-shaped, ép), Hawaïen-ne (Hawaiian), égoïste (selfish, ép), stoïque (stoical, ép), héroïque (heroic, ép), hébraïque (hebraic, hebrew, ép), archaïque (archaic, ép), 

Verbs : ouïr (to hear, old/rare), haïr (to hate), laïciser (to secularise), 

Others : ô!, aïe (ouch!), taïaut (hunt vocabulary, fam means ‘go!’ or ‘run!’), par ouï-dire (by hearsay, invariable)

[hotairballoon221]

When do you put a diaeresis (two dots) on a vowel in Dutch?

The diaeresis are two dots that are often placed above a vowel. It is used when 2 vowels that are next to each other can be pronounced as one sound, but shouldn’t be.

The diaeresis is placed on the following 14 letter combinations: ee, ei, eu, ie, aa, ae, ai, au, ui, uu, oe, oi, oo and ou. Example: poëzie (poetry), reünie (reunion), koloniën (colonies), ruïne (ruin).

Rule 1: words that end on French or Spanish letter combinations are exceptions: eum, ien, eus and ei. Example: petroleum (petrol), opticien (optician).

Rule 2: when there are more than 2 lettercombinations, then the vowel after the i does not get a diaeresis. The e or i after that does. Example: begroeiing (vegetation), aaien (petting), knieën (knees), mozaïek (mosaic), geëerd (honoured)

Rule 3: when a number is written in full, it sometimes needs a diaeresis. Example: tweeëntwintig (twenty-two), drieëndertig (thirty-three). You can find more info on this here.

Rule 4: you don’t put it on compiled words. Example: ‘na-apen’ (silly way of saying 'to imitate’) not naäpen, 'zee-egel’ (sea urchin) not zeeëgel.

Rule 5: words that end on a 'ie’ that’s not stressed get 'iën’ in plural. Example: koloniën (colonies), provinciën (provinces).

Rule 6: words that end on a 'ie’ that is stressed get 'ieën’ in plural. Example: knieën (knees), industrieën (industries), melodieën (melodies).

Rule 7: another exception is that there is no diaeresis when there is a suffix. Example: lila-achtig (lila-like), not lilaächtig.

Hopefully this entry helped! x Tamara

[kittychaingun]

goön, goon

[ms-myself]

Accents in English writing 👀

Found in Grandgent’s introduction of the Carlyle-Okey-Wicksteed translation of Dante’s Divine Comedy (1953).

[englishlistwords]

Diaeresis

n. See dieresis.

n. The separation or resolution of one syllable into two; – the opposite of synæresis.

n. A mark ( ¨ ) placed over the second of two adjacent vowels to indicate that they are to be pronounced as separate sounds rather than a diphthong, as in naïve.

n. A mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel, such as the final vowel in Brontë, to indicate that the vowel is not silent.

[radicalchicposts]

After working 27 hours straight & listening to a podcast on the history of Loch Ness Monster lore whilst scrubbing MRSA & ESBLs from my skin, I decided it’s time to reëvaluate my life, so I joined tumblr & have begun coördinated efforts to bring back English diaeresis beyond tablet form.

[lostraindancer]

The old school pretentiousness or #clarity of the #zoology #diaeresis #trema #notanumlaut #pronounceallthevowels! #Harvard #brick #building (at Harvard University)