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[pokeythakidd]

Claudette Colvin, have you ever heard of her? No? Well she is a royal black historian/activist who some would consider a pioneer in the Civil rights movement.

Colvin was born on September 5, 1939, in Montgomery, Alabama. Growing up in one of Montgomery's poorer neighborhoods, Colvin studied hard in school. She earned mostly A's in her classes and aspired to become president one day. However due to lack of mentions, many never heard of her though she was actually one(keyword) of the first women to refuse to give up her seat. Many including herself (according to articles) believe she didn't get as much recognition like Ross Parks due the following two things 1. The age which some felt it would’ve placed her in danger (she was 15 years young) & because rosa was of a lighter complexion (which he’s stated in a interview)

On March 2, 1955, Colvin was riding home on a city bus after school when a bus driver told her to give up her seat to a white passenger. She refused, saying, "It's my constitutional right to sit here as much as that lady. I paid my fare, it's my constitutional right." Colvin felt compelled to stand her ground. After her refusal to give up her seat, Colvin was arrested on several charges, including violating the city's segregation laws. For several hours, she sat in jail, completely terrified. "I was really afraid, because you just didn't know what white people might do at that time," Colvin later said. The NAACP briefly considered using Colvin's case to challenge the segregation laws, but they decided against it because of her age. She also had become pregnant and they thought an unwed mother would attract too much negative attention in a public legal battle. In court, Colvin opposed the segregation law by declaring herself not guilty. The court, however, ruled against her and put her on probation. Despite the light sentence, Colvin could not escape the court of public opinion. The once-quiet student was branded a troublemaker by some, and she had to drop out of college. Her reputation also made it impossible for her to find a job. However years later Colvin moved to New York City, where she had her second son, Randy, and worked as a nurse's aide at a Manhattan nursing home. She retired in 2004.

Quote

I've always told my children that once they go out into the world, they must have two heads and two minds: one to keep grounded, the other to deal with corporate America.

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[pokeythakidd]

Ruby McCollum, have you heard of her? No? Well she was born ruby Jackson born in 1909 outside Florida. Zuber, Florida to be exact, she was the second child among six siblings. Although she started out attending the local segregated schools, she was moved to a private school where she excelled. In 1931 Jackson married Sam McCollum, and they moved to Nyack, New York. By the 1940s early 1950s, the McCollums had a fortune from selling burial policies and owning a funeral home, in addition to Sam and his brother running a gambling and liquor business. Which is what made her one of the wealthiest women at the time in live oak, Florida.

***Brief summary on her & how she became known:***

African Americans were kept in second-class status until the passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s. White men taking sexual advantage of black women had a long history, dating back to the time of slavery. This was called “paramour rights” at the time of the trial.

On August 3, 1952, Ruby McCollum met Dr. Leroy Adams, a white physician and state senator-elect in his office, which is where the murder took place. Ruby stated that over a period he had repeatedly forced her to submit to sex and that her youngest child, was fathered by him. It was discovered in letters that Adams had abused her and that she was pregnant with another child by him during the time of the shooting. Black anthropologist and Harlem Renaissance writer Zora Neale Hurston was the first person to report on the trial outside of Florida. Her coverage led to national and international attention to the story. Due to a all-white men jury, some of whom were former patients of the doctor, so when Mrs. McCollum presented her case

despite considerable evidence of the abuse of McCollum by Adams, the all white jurror found her guilty of 1st degree murdered & was sentenced to the electric chair. However her case was appealed.

At the second trial, McCollum’s attorney, Frank Cannon, had McCollum enter an insanity plea. McCollum was then declared mentally incompetent to stand trial and was sent to Florida State Hospital. She stayed there until 1974, when she was released.

McCollum lived in the New Horizon Rehabilitation Center, a rest home in Silver Springs, Florida, until her death from a stroke on May 23, 1992. She was eighty-two & lived 18yrs as a free woman after being released.

Side note: Not encouraging violence just showing how one took back control of her life, at a time where having no control was more of the norm for those of the darker shade(Deeply melanated) . For that reason alone we going to celebrate this woman as the royal/courageous individual that she is. Also this just another example of not only a man but in this instance a white man who felt superior and above another individual as if he was entitled to this human being.

Ps This situation is also in my opinion someone saying “have a choice” to hear more of her & her story watch the documentary it’s called “You belong to me: Sex, Race, and Murder in the south”

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