Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
In my last two posts I mentioned compulsions and how BFRBs (Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors) are on the OCD spectrum. Well, we’re going to take a closer look at what obsessive compulsive disorder really is. And maybe then you’ll get a better understanding on what goes on in the mind of people like me.
Obsessive compulsive disorder is a chronic mental illness in which one suffers intensely from recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or rituals (compulsions) which they cannot control.
Obsessions are thoughts, images, or impulses that occur repeatedly. They are unwanted, intrusive, and often disturbing. Obsessions almost never make sense, especially to those who have them. Obsessions are most generally accompanied by uncomfortable feelings such as fear, disgust, or doubt. Sufferers try to prevent obsessions or make them go away by performing rituals, or compulsions. Compulsions are the acts repeatedly performed to obtain relief from the discomfort caused by obsessions, and are often done without realizing, hair pulling for example. However, the relief obtained is only temporary, hence the constant, repeated performing of these rituals. In some instances, people could suffer from either obsessions or compulsions, but not both. If left untreated, obsessions and the need to perform rituals can take over a person’s life.
OCD symptoms usually begin gradually and tend to vary in severity throughout a person’s life. Symptoms can worsen when a person experiences greater stress in their life. OCD symptoms can cause distress, take up a lot of time, or significantly interfere with a person’s work, social life, and relationships. Symptoms can become so severe or time consuming that is becomes disabling. Some of the complications from OCD symptoms include, but are not limited to; health issues (ex. dermatitis from excessive, repeated hand washing), inability to attend work, school, or social activities, troubled relationships (family relationships, friendships, and romantic relationships), overall poor quality of life, and suicidal thoughts or even behaviors.
While there is no known cause of OCD, there are a few theories. The main theories are biology, such as the changes in the body’s own natural chemistry or brain function; genetics, although specific genes have yet to be identified; environmental factors such as infections have been suggested, but further research is needed. There are also other factors thought to possibly increase the risk of developing or triggering OCD symptoms such as a family history of relatives with OCD, stressful or traumatic life events, or having other mental health disorders (i.e. anxiety, depression, tic disorders), or even substance abuse.
While there is no legitimate cure for obsessive compulsive disorder, medications and therapy have been known to lessen the severity of OCD symptoms. If you think you possibly show signs of OCD talk to your healthcare professional about referring you to a mental health professional to get an accurate diagnosis and to receive the proper help possibly needed.