#tulving

[quattroanime]

Con una singola eccezione, la freccia del tempo è unidirezionale. Il flusso del tempo è inarrestabile. L'unica eccezione è data dalla capacità umana di ricordare gli eventi passati. Quando una persona ripensa oggi a un avvenimento accaduto ieri, la linea del tempo si ripiega su se stessa.

Tulving

[hewettpsychology]

Cue-Dependency Theory of Forgetting

Proposed by Tulving in ‘75, the theory applies to long-term memory (LTM), not short-term. Basically, the idea is that forgetting occurs when the correct cues are not available for memory retrieval, therefore suggesting that memory is dependent on cues being present and that forgetting occurs when this is not possible. 

Tulving had the idea that there are two events necessary for recall:

- memory trace - information which is already there and retained in a store as a result of the original perception of an event. 

- retrieval cue - information present in the individual’s cognitive environment at the time of retrieval which matches at the time of recall. For example, a physical or emotional state, an environment, a sound, etc. 

----> context-dependent cue - the situation or context is different from that at encoding.

----> state-dependent cue  - the person’s state or mood is different from that at encoding.

Tulving says “we remember an event if it has left behind a trace and if something reminds us of it”, and describes forgetting as “the inability to recall something now that could be recalled on an earlier occasion.”