Art Tip #1 - Color Theory: A Crash Course
Art isn't complete without colors, right? Unless you'd consider a blank white sheet of paper as art, then by all means...
In today's first stop at the Art Terminal, we will be learning how to use colors using Color Theory!
Being knowledgeable about basic color theory can really help you develop your skills as an artist no matter what medium you'll be using - be it traditional art, digital art, or even a mix of both!
It may seem confusing at first but with this guide, you'll be making well-coordinated compositions with flying colors in no time!
PART 1: How to use the Color Wheel
This infamous wheel by Isaac Newton helps you see the relationships between the colors.
Keep in mind these 3 categories:
⓵ Primary Colors: Red┃Blue┃Yellow
These are the first three basic colors - all other colors can be created by mixing them in different ways.
Tip: mixing all three creates the color brown!
⓶ Secondary Colors: Purple (red+blue)┃Green (blue+yellow)┃Orange (yellow+red)
If you've noticed, these colors are created by mixing our primary colors.
⓷ Tertiary Colors: Red-Orange┃Red-Purple┃Blue-Purple┃Blue-Green┃Yellow-Green┃Yellow-Orange
As you might have guessed, we get these colors by mixing our primary and secondary colors.
Part 2: What are the Color Properties?
Keep in mind Color has 3 primary properties:
⓵ Hue: the colors in their purest state - or in other words, a color's name.
⓶ Saturation: the brightness or dullness of a color - the intensity or purity of a hue.
Tip: High Saturation/Saturated = color looks very bright ┃ Low Saturation/Desaturation = color looks washed out or greyed out
⓷ Value: the degree of lightness or darkness of a hue.
Tip: There are 3 ways to change a color's value: Shade┃Tint ┃Tone
Shade/Shading: a shade is a color that is produced by adding black.
Tint: a tint is a color that is produced by adding white.
Tone: a tone is a color that is produced by adding grey.
PART 3: What is Color Harmony?┃What Color Combinations or Schemes can we use?
Go back to the Color Wheel as it is a good reference in helping you create appealing schemes.
Here are 6 common combinations you can apply in your work:
⓵ Analogous: uses colors (around 2-4) that are next to each other in the color wheel - Match them!
⓶ Complementary: uses colors that are opposite or across of each other on the color wheel - if you can't match 'em, clash 'em with their opposites!
Tip: matching these colors creates great contrast and visual interest so they can overpower each other sometimes so keep that in mind.
⓷ Split-Complementary: 1 base color then 2 colors adjacent to its complementary color - if the contrast too much, split them!
⓸ Tetradic: uses 2 complementary pairs. This forms a rectangle on the wheel - if you need more variations go double complementary!
⓹ Triadic: 3 colors that are evenly spaced out in the color wheel. You're free to choose from a variety!
⓺ Monochromatic: uses different tones, shades, and tints of a singular color. Sometimes it just works!
PART 4: What is Color Temperature?
Ever wonder why some compositions feel cold or hot? It is a fact that color has the ability to evoke feelings or emotions. As such, color temperature is the one responsible for this - it is the "warmth" or "coolness" of a color.
Warm colors: Reds┃Oranges┃Yellows
Generally seen as colors that are bright, cheerful, active, or happy
Cool Colors: Purples┃Blues┃Greens
Generally seen as colors that are dark, mysterious, melancholic, or gloomy
And that concludes this stop for today! These tips are a lot to take in, we feel you, and that's alright - come back to this station when you need a quick reference. We hope you learned a lot from this and that you'll be able to apply them in your paintings or digital illustrations!
Now pack your art supplies and start creating! Safe travels~