Les Mis 365, 3.4.1, Bahorel 1/? : The Funeral, The Riot
Hoo boy. This is gonna be long; I clocked out on these posts BECAUSE Bahorel’s is gonna be so long. . But that’s because he matters, darn it! So let’s start at the start:
Bahorel had figured in the bloody tumult of June, 1822, on the occasion of the burial of young Lallemand.
That’s the first thing Hugo wants us to know about Bahorel, the very first line. As important to his character as Feuilly’s adoption of the world and status as a workingman and orphan; as important as Combeferre’s relationship to Enjolras or Courfeyrac’ s break with his parents’ tradition.
And it’s been largely forgotten what Hugo’s invoking. So a (very quick) primer:
The Lallemand funeral of 1820 (not 1822, but Hugo was in exile and didn’t have Google, so) happened after a series of peaceful protests by mostly-students—mostly law students– in favor of the charter, the King’s own charter!, that Courfeyrac will later torch. Specifically, they were in favor of the Charter over the proposed Double-Vote act, which would give an entire extra voting body to the richest of the richest voters (already an extremely select group; most students would NOT have expected to become voters as they grew up). The protest was just chanting– mostly “Long live the King, Long live the Charter”.
And in response they were violently attacked by government enforcers. And when I say “violently” I mean with axes and guns. When the students tried to continue their (still peaceful, still unarmed) protests, the enforcers got even more violent, and started targeting anyone who even looked like a student, or who happened to be in the general vicinity of the students, or who wasn’t a student but the enforcers didn’t like the way they looked. One of those killed was a student named Lallemand, shot in the back.
This is the first image Hugo wants us to have as we read about Bahorel: a peaceful protest violently attacked, the voices of the next generation literally silenced by gun and club and hatchet, the forces of authority swinging out in violent retribution against citizens because people SPOKE, and asked authority to honor their word.
And it’s the image of the people of Paris in opposition to this, because Lallemand’s funeral? Was ENORMOUS, some four thousand people large. There were protests for days.
So this is the first thing about Bahorel, this is what he IS, as Feuilly’s an orphan, as Prouvaire is gentle, as Courfeyrac is Not an Aristocrat. Bahorel is the voice of protest unsilenced by the hatchet, the grief of the city betrayed by its leaders, the bitter knowledge of who the King’s protection really serves.
This is important, and important to keep in mind—and very hard to keep in mind, because Bahorel is also BUCKETS of fun.