한국어

22. lexy. self teaching korean (on a break). please message me about any corrections. thank you in advance.

[koreanaswego]

Korean Word of the Day

아무튼

Anyway

[koreanaswego]

Korean Word of the Day

여기 에서 가까워요?

Is it close to here?

[koreanaswego]

Korean Word of the Day

즐거웠어요

It was fun

[kisxmesoft]

I love women who would rather be alone than almost loved.

[luluddemon]

my desk is messy and laptop dusty but it's whatever lol

[loudemic]

i do like a good little note taking session in a cute café ☕️

[emmastudies]

Free Phone/Tablet Icons & Backgrounds

It's Day 10 of the 12 Days of Giving!

Sometimes refreshing your digital space is the spur of motivation you need. To give your homescreens a cute, playful look - here are 100+ icons for all your favourite apps. Replace them and enjoy a funky look! Features include:

5 alternating colours

3 included backgrounds

instructions guide

103 icons

Download Free Here

Check back in each day for a new free item! Hopefully they're all useful and a fun way to end the year 🥰🎁

[emmastudies]

Free Intentional Spending Tracker for Notion

It's Day 8 of the 12 Days of Giving!

Track your wishlist and fill in details to help make more informed decisions regarding your purchases. Comes with an comprehensive way to categorise your wants & seeing the impact on your budgets. Whilst this has budgeting features, it's more about how you're spending and making sure those purchases are considered. Features include:

spending goals for 2024

active wishlist & watching space

detailed digital wishlist and budget impact

wishlist categorises & year budgeting

pre-populated dates with calendar view for revisiting items after "cool off period"

gift gifting ideas (by idea, rather than recipient for more intentional gifting!)

recipient database

Download Free Here

Check back in each day for a new free item! Hopefully they're all useful and a fun way to end the year 🥰🎁

[toomuch-nonsens]

tbt to January this year, when I still learned Swedish! Maybe I have the time to take the B2 course next semester

[koreanaswego]

Korean Word of the Day

몰래

Secretly

[lemonscholar]

Free digital bullet journal and planner!

I’m a firm believer in going digital, and I wanted to share that with others in a little new years treat! I’ve created a very simple undated grid digital planner with FIVE different bullet journal weekly spreads that I use A LOT as a student. I find myself going back and forth between these styles quite often, depending on the week and my needs for that week. 

This download includes:

undated, 12-month yearly calendar with hyperlinks to each calendar month

5 different weekly spreads

grid, dot grid, ruled, and plain paper spreads

habit and mood tracker, plus a year in pixels section!

You can download my undated digital planner here: Undated Digital Bullet Journal and Planner

This digital planner can be used in any pdf viewer and note annotater, like Goodnotes, Notability, or OneNote! Be sure to tag me if you end up using these, and please no redistributions or resales.

Please consider supporting me by visiting my tumblr and giving me a follow and/or check out my Etsy shop! 

[gracespdf]

book tracker and some of my tbr list ♡ 

want a free PDF of this tracker? click here!

what are some of your favorite books you’ve read this year? 

[koreanling]

Batchim rules

There are 7 key batchim rules that depend on the consonants used. Some characters like ㄱ, ㅋ, and ㄲ share the same rule as you can guess because they are very similar consonants.

ㅇ = ㅇ

ㄱ, ㅋ, ㄲ, ㄳ, ㄺ = ㄱ

ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ = ㄷ

ㅁ, ㄻ = ㅁ

ㅂ, ㅍ, ㅄ, ㄿ = ㅂ

ㄹ, ㄼ, ㄾ, ㅀ = ㄹ

ㄴ, ㄵ, ㄶ = ㄴ

I’ll lay it out like this:

WORD –> PRONOUNCIATION : ROMANIZED

1. Rules for ㅇ

Starting off with ㅇ because it’s important to batchim rules overall. Once you learn how to read hangul you learn ㅇ is either an empty space when used first (like 아니) or an ‘ng’ sound at the very end (like 사랑).

The ‘ng’ sound is the ㅇ characters batchim, it never changes. BUT there’s more- if ㅇ begins the next syllable in a word the batchim will change:

있어 –> 이써 : isseo

있다 –> 읻다 : et-da

For the first one the bottom consonant ㅆ takes over the space of ㅇ for pronunciation making it sound more like 이써. 있다 above follows the normal batchim rules and the ㅆ takes on a ㄷ sound.

2. ㄱ, ㅋ, ㄲ, ㄳ, ㄺ = ㄱ

This rule affects consonants including ㄱ or his relatives and simply makes anything a ㄱ sound no matter how hard the character would be on its own. Even ㄳ which is combo k and s becomes just k sound.

한국어 –> 한구거 : hangugeo

책은 –> 채근 : chekgun

3. ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ = ㄷ

This affects a bunch of consonants so it’s important to remember.

꽃 –> 꼳 : ggot

좋다 –> 조타 : jota

There’s a special rule about ㄷ and ㅌ ending before a ㅇ though. You’ve probably heard it with 같이; instead of becoming 가티 the ㅌ changes to ㅊ making it 가치.  ㄷ changes to ㅈ as well.

같이 –> 가치: kachi

4. ㅁ, ㄻ = ㅁ

몸이 –> 모미 : momi

5. ㅂ, ㅍ, ㅄ, ㄿ = ㅂ

없다 –> 업따 : ob-da

없어요 –> 업서요 : ob-seoyo

Now ㅂ has some special rules for itself, you probably knows 감사합니다 but it’s not pronounced kamsahaBnida it’s more like kamsamnida

ㅂ starting a word – use a softer b sound: 바나나

ㅂ in the middle –  it creates a b sound: 일번

ㅂ at the bottom – can have m sound depending on what follows like in 감사합니다

A trick to think of is try saying 감사합니다 20x fast. Maybe originally the word was pronounced fully but people get lazy, slur their words, etc and pronunciation goes towards what’s easiest.

6. ㄹ, ㄼ, ㄾ, ㅀ = ㄹ

별이 –> 벼리 : byeo-re

핥은 –> 할튼 : halteun

7. ㄴ, ㄵ, ㄶ = ㄴ

앉다 –> 안다: anta

돈이 –> 도니 : doni

[gigiskjourney]

Vocabulary: house (rooms)

2023년 9월 19일

안녕하세요!

Today, we will learn how to say each room of the house!

House: 집

Bathroom: 화장실

Dining Room: 식당

Bedroom: 침실

Kitchen: 부엌

Living room: 거실

Downstairs: 아래층

Upstairs: 윗층

Garage: 차고

Garden: 정원

[gigiskjourney]

Vocabulary: house (rooms)

2023년 9월 19일

안녕하세요!

Today, we will learn how to say each room of the house!

House: 집

Bathroom: 화장실

Dining Room: 식당

Bedroom: 침실

Kitchen: 부엌

Living room: 거실

Downstairs: 아래층

Upstairs: 윗층

Garage: 차고

Garden: 정원

[studykorean101]

Hiii I was wondering if you can do a lot of sentences of how 이/가 and 는/은 are different. Maybe some include the 을/를 too. And also some that have both 는/은 and 이/가 ☺️☺️

anon asked: I see a lot of posts on Tumblr about 이/가 but they just leave me more confused. Can you help? thanks

Sentences to Showcase the Usage of 이/가 and 은/는: [+what are they?]

Please go here for more context on how/when to use them. This post will be kinda long, so I’ll put a TLDR at the top.

TLDR; if the main noun is an agent then use, 은/는 or if the main noun is an experiencer, then use 이/가

Now, what the hell is an agent or an experiencer. A good way to figure this out is to ask yourself, “is the entity doing the action or undergoing the event?” 은/는 are general particles (commonly used for the agent as they are the ones doing or causing the action), whereas 이/가 are particles used to emphasize (commonly used for the experiencer as they are in contact with the event; I will explain more later in the blog). Both are nominative—which is what makes the argument of “subject” and “topic” extremely confusing and meaningless because they don’t accurately identify the noun’s role in the sentence.

I am fortunate enough to have studied thematic roles and syntax in depth during my time in linguistics, however, I understand that a lot of my followers haven’t! So, I will give you a visual:

So again, ask yourself, “who/what is doing/causing the action?” or “who/what is undergoing the event?” Sometimes, it is also easy to look at the verb or adjective and make a judgement there considering it's common** for 이/가 to go with adjectives and common for 은/는 to go with verbs. Another way to think about it: if you need to place emphasis on the agent, then you can use 이/가.

** just because it's common, it does not mean it's a rule (however, it is a good tip)

Below is an example of why the above statement is not a rule.

이다 [to be] is special because it is a copula. A copula is a verb that joins/links the main noun and it's complement. We have many copulas in English (BE, feel, smell, look, become--to name a few). Korean has three: 이다, 아니다, and 되다.

Let’s try to place it in a sentence where both 은/는 and 이/가 occur in contrast:

매일 신발들은 신어야 하는데 오늘은 이 신발이 안 신으면 안 돼요

In the sentence above ^^, the dependent clause [매일 신발들은 신어야 하는데] gives background information for the main clause [오늘은 이 신발이 안 신으면 안 돼요]. “Generally,” the speaker says, “everyday I have to wear shoes, but I must wear these shoes [specifically] today.”

The sentence shows that there is something emphasized about the shoes; “these shoes must undergo being worn by me”. Whatever the reason may be, the speaker intentionally highlighted the shoes in the second clause as the ones that they must wear that day.

Summary so far:

1) If the main noun is doing the action, use 은/는

2) If the main noun is undergoing the action, use 이/가

3) If you want to emphasize the main noun, use 이/가

Hopefully, you’re still following me. Let’s look at other examples:

오늘은 날씨가 좋아요 - today, the weather is good 

그 이어폰은 제 게 아니에요 [게 = 것+이] - Those earphones aren’t mine

새로운 선생님이 여자예요 - the new teacher is a woman

선생님은 한국 분이 아니에요 - the teacher is not Korean

제 이름은 지연이 아니고 희주예요 - My name is Heeju, not Jiyeon

비빔밥 말고 다른 한식이 있어요? - Other than bibimbap, do you have other Korean food?

그 남자는 캐나다에 갈 때 미혼이 아닐 거 같아요 - I don’t think that man will be single if/when he travels to Canada

Here’s the worst part; sometimes, there’s no fkn difference between the meanings. Which also makes it confusing. So, try to stick to the rules in the post linked and the patterns from this post. 

1. Use 이/가 after an object when you’re describing an agent’s feelings or state of mind 

EX. 존은 책을 읽는 게 좋아요; 존은 책이 좋아요 = John likes (reading) books

2. Use 이/가 after the noun that precedes (goes before) a copula

EX. 존은 한국에 온 지 3년이 되었어요 = John has been in Korea for 3 years

3. Adjectives and Intransitive verbs (no object), can take on 이/가 if you want to emphasize the main noun

EX. 내일은 날씨가 바람이 불 거 같아요 = It seems like it’s going to be windy tomorrow

4. Transitive verbs (takes an object), usually use 이/가 for the first noun and 을/를 for the object

EX. 존이 이를 닦는 중이에요 = John is [in the middle] of brushing his teeth

Okay! I really hope this helped! If there’s still any confusion, please don’t hesitate to send me a message to ask for clarification or more examples! 이/가 and 은/는 are honestly some of the hardest for English speakers learning Korean to grasp because we don’t really have particles like this that distinguish nouns in English. Though, with this, I hope you can get better at it!

Happy Learning :) 

~ SK101

[koreanstudyjunkie]

Easiest Korean Particles

N처럼, N같이

N마다

N쯤

N이나

N처럼, N같이 = Like [Noun]

Usage: Kind of like a “simile” in English and it corresponds to “like” or “as”. When you want to express that an action appears the same or similar to the noun you attach 처럼 or 같이 to.

Note: 처럼/같이 are often used metaphorically to compare characteristics by comparing them to other things.

Examples:

그 남자는 말처럼 빨리 달려요. He runs as fast as a horse.

지민 씨는 천사같이 노래해요. Jimin sings like an angel

그녀의 머리는 아이돌처럼 예뻐 보여요.

Her hair looks as pretty as an idol.

N마다 = Every [Noun]

Usage: This is attached to nouns that express a time - time nouns. To indicate the repetition of the same/similar situation or behavior over a set period of time. It can be translated as “every”, “each”, “once every“. It’s added directly next to the time noun being described.

Examples:

주말마다 여행을 가요. I go on a trip every weekend.

금요일마다 친구를 만나고 외식을 해요. Every Friday I meet my friends and (we) go out to eat.

우리 집에는 방마다 티비가 있어요. There’s a tv in every room in (our)my house.

Note: It can also be added to non time nouns - regular nouns.

Ex: 학생마다 달라요. Each student is different.

No need to add it to words that have 매 in them as it indicates “every ___”

매일 (everyday) → 매일마다 (X)

날 (day) → 날마다 (everyday)

N쯤 = About [Noun]

Usage: It’s added to nouns that represent numbers, times, and quantities. It indicates an approximation - “about” or “around”.

Examples:

넌 열다섯 살 쯤 되어 보여요. You look about 15 years old.

한시쯤 어때요? 수업이 열두시 오십분에 끝나요.

How’s around 1 o’clock? My class ends at 12:50.

우리는 일년쯤에 중국에서 중국어를 공부할 거예요. We will study Chinese In China for around a year.

Extra Notes:

When referring to approximate prices, ‘Noun쯤 하다’ is used more often than just ‘Noun쯤이다’.

Example:

사과는 세개에 이천원쯤 해요.

Apples cost about 2000 won for 3.

N이나 = Noun Or Noun

Usage: This actually has 3 usages, but we will focus on the main one which means “or”. It can only be attached to nouns. One of the two or more listed nouns will be chosen. (거나 means the exact same, but is attached to verbs instead)

Form:

Consonant - 이나

Vowel - 나

Examples:

목이 말라요. 물이나 차를 마시고 싶어요. I’m thirsty. I want to drink water or tea.

구두나 가방을 살 거예요. I’ll buy some shoes or a bag.

토요일에나 일요일에 운동해요. I exercise on Saturday or Sunday. (You can attach 나 to 에 or leave 에 out and just use 이나)

PRACTICE SECTION:

Something to keep in mind is that when you are using these particles you do not need to also attach the subject or object particles to them!

TRANSLATE EACH

1.) We go to Itaewon every Saturday night.

2.) I went to the hospital around 10:30 am.

3.) We talked for about 4 hours.

4.) My sister can dance like Jhope.

5.) Every 2 hours I drink water or tea.