ok so more seriously (these are not in chronological order) (also all of my experience is with sf/fantasy so that influences my advice):
It can be SO tempting to dive right back into your work, but letting it rest (and letting yourself rest) can give you the distance needed to look at your work, your BABY, critically. Itâs impossible to say how long of a rest you need bc itâs different for everyone, but give it space so you can look at it with fresh eyes when you go back to it. I usually start drafting another project at this time, or edit a WIP thatâs been resting while Iâve written this draft. Some of my friends use this time to put time into their other arts.
2. If you didnât work off of an outline (or didnât stick to your outline), make a reverse outline.
A reverse outline, for anyone who doesnât know, is an outline made after the draft is already written.
This will be INCREDIBLY helpful when it comes to knowing what you have so far. It also allows you to look at the story as a whole in a more simple format. Youâll also probably find threads of plot that youâve accidentally left hanging when doing this. Make sure you note these down so you can fix them later (if they need to be fixed and arenât intentional). Youâll also hopefully notice any plot things that donât actually make sense.
I also make a timeline when Iâm doing this, so I can see how much time the story takes place over. This is useful especially for longer stories that take place over a long period of time. Keeping track of passing seasons or months or whatever is useful to make sure youâre not missing any holidays that should reasonably be mentioned.
3. If you have a trusted alpha reader/critique partner, ask them to go over it.
I do this when Iâm giving a WIP space after finishing it. Another set of eyes will be able to pick out the problems with the plot that you might not be aware of. But remind them: itâs a first draft, the only things you should be worried about fixing are the major structural things like plot and characters and world building (if applicable). Grammar and how many times your characters raise their eyebrows donât matter at this stage.
4. Main Plot / Major Characters
Are you happy with your main plot? Does it make sense?Â
Do your main characters go on the arc you want them to? Is their development believable?
Start with ONE of these sets of questions, depending if your story is plot-focused or character-focused. You need your core journey to be solid before you can start worrying about the other stuff that surrounds it. On your reverse outline, make notes or changes (depending on your level of confidence) to the story based on your answers to these questions to strengthen the core of the story.
After youâve done one, then do the other. Both are important, no matter how focused on one or the other a story is.
5. World Building / Setting
If youâve noticed any major world building gaps, or your setting isnât developed as you want it to be, make notes as to where you can add these details. World building is always more important than you (read: I) think itâs going to be.Â
In early drafts, itâs better to over-explain than to under-explain. If you need, take some time just to focus on developing the world itself. You donât need to know everything (bc that would be exhausting and letâs be real not all of us are Tolkien) but enough to make the world feel real and lived in.
This doesnât just apply to spec fic, either. If youâre setting it in the âreal worldâ with no extra stuff, the locations still need to feel real.
6. Take your notes, set your first draft to the side, and REWRITE.
I know. I know. I hate this advice too, bc it SUCKS. But rewriting from scratch will make your story stronger, and if youâre relying on your notes/reverse outline instead of your first draft, then youâre less likely to accidentally include any plot holes you meant to take out.
(This doesnât mean throw out your entire first draft. If you have stuff that you love, you can absolutely take it word for word into your second draft. We are not killing any darlings if they still fit into the story.)
When youâre done rewriting, you should have a second draft thatâs much more solid than your first draft, at which point you can either do more editing on your own, get beta readers, or whatever step you feel your WIP is ready for.
ALSO, PLEASE NOTE, just because this system works for me, doesnât mean itâll work for everyone! Writing advice is subjective and different things work for different people. No matter the advice, no matter who it comes from, if it doesnât work for you, you should throw it away.
But I hope this helps you a bit. And good luck!!