300 basic concepts in Danish (maybe)
The contents of the post are entirely based on this list compiled by @funwithlanguagesâ, but was requested of me by an anonymous asker.
As with most things, several of these words are ambiguous, and for those I have provided several translations. On the other hand, I've deleted certain things (like eat breakfast, because Danish doesn't have anything like desayunar), because they simply weren't relevant.
Furthermore, every section will contain links to posts I already have on the topic. Maybe I can interest you in my post with (approximately, but probably a little more than) 625 basic words in Danish?
This should be mostly accurate, but it is very low effort compared to a lot my content and also I'm just this guy, you know? Feel free to shoot me an ask or DM if you've got any questions.
First Verbs (fÞrste verber · udsagnsord)
~100 verbs here
go â tage afsted · tage et sted hen
think â tĂŠnke · synes
like â kunne lide · bryde sig om
Conjunctions (konjunktioner · bindeord)
some more conjunctions here
that (as in âI think thatâŠâ or âthe woman thatâŠâ) â at · som/der
so (meaning âthereforeâ; e.g. âI wanted it, so I bought itâ) â sĂ„
Prepositions (prÊpositioner · forholdord)
more prepositions, but you didn't get this from me
like (meaning âsimilar toâ) â ligesom
Question Words (interrogativer · spÞrgeord)
Adverbs (adverbier · biord)
you think 39 is a lot? here's some more
a little â lidt · en (lille) smule
too (as in âtoo tallâ) â for
so (as in âso tallâ) â sĂ„
more (know how to say âmore ⊠than âŠâ) â mere
less (know how to say âless ⊠than âŠâ) â mindre
as ⊠as ⊠(e.g. âas tall asâ) â sĂ„ ... som ...
usually â normalt · sĂŠdvanligvis
sometimes â nogle gange · af og til
yesterday â i gĂ„r
32 a. day before yesterday â i forgĂ„rs
tomorrow â i morgen
33 a. day after tomorrow â i overmorgen
Adjectives (adjektiver · tillÊgsord)
can I interest you in some declensions?
the, a (technically articles) â -(e)n/-(e)t, en/et
this â den (her) · denne
most â mest · de fleste (I'm not entirely sure why this is here?)
other â anden, andet, andre
different â anderledes · anden etc.
a few â nogle · et par (stykker)
last (meaning âpastâ, e.g. âlast Fridayâ) â sidste
last (meaning âfinalâ) â sidst
interesting â spĂŠndende · interessant
sad â trist · ked af det
right (meaning âcorrectâ) â rigtig
Pronouns (pronominer · stedord)
some basics, some things i find interesting, gender neutral pronouns (i also wrote a paper on this last subject if you're good at danish and interested)
Forms listed as follows:
nominative, oblique, (reflexive oblique), possessive, (reflexive possessive)
she â hun, hende, sig, hendes, sin/sit/sine
he â han, ham, sig, hans, sin/sit/sine
it â den/det, sig, dens/dets, sin/sit/sine
you (plural) â I, jer, jeres
Everything is listed in singular*, first indefinite (if applicable), then definite.
nothing â ingenting · intet
thing â en ting, tingen
person â en person, personen
place â et sted, stedet
time (as in âa long timeâ) â en tid, tiden
time (as in âI did it 3 timesâ) â en gang, gangen
friend â en ven, vennen · en veninde, veninden
woman â en kvinde, kvinden
money â penge, pengene (*penge is a plural verb)
country â et land, landet
language â et sprog, sproget
store â en butik, butikken · en forretning, forretningen
office â et kontor, kontoret
company â et firma, firmaet
manager â en manager, manageren · en leder, lederen
coworker â en kollega, kollegaen
job â et job, jobbet · et arbejde, arbejdet
work (as in âI have a lot of work to doâ) â et arbejde, arbejdet
problem â et problem, problemet
question â et spĂžrgsmĂ„l, spĂžrgsmĂ„let
world â en verden, verdenen (or just verden for the worldâą)
month â en mĂ„ned, mĂ„neden
mother, father, parent â en mor, moren · en far, fa(de)ren · en forĂŠlder, forĂŠldren
daughter, son, child â en datter, datteren · en sĂžn, sĂžnnen · et barn, barnet
wife, husband, spouse â en hustru, hustruen · en mand, manden · en ĂŠgtefĂŠlle, ĂŠgtefĂŠllen
girlfriend, boyfriend â en kĂŠreste, kĂŠresten
More Verbs (flere verber · udsagnsord)
I'll take this opportunity to refer back to the post linked in First Verbs and point out that that post does in fact also cover the basics of grammar.
work (as in a person working) â arbejde
work (meaning âto functionâ, e.g. âthe TV worksâ) â virke · fungere
practice â Ăžve (an instrument etc.) · praktisere (a religion)
bring â medbringe · have/tage noget med
get (meaning âobtainâ) â fĂ„
try â prĂžve · forsĂžge
start â starte · begynde
stop (doing something) â stoppe · holde op med
finish â blive/gĂžre fĂŠrdig · fĂŠrdiggĂžre
continue â fortsĂŠtte · blive ved
feel â fĂžle (emotions) · mĂŠrke (sensations)
create (aka âmakeâ) â lave
cause (aka âmakeâ) â gĂžre
meet (meeting someone for the first time) â mĂžde · lĂŠre at kende
meet (meaning âto bump intoâ) â mĂžde
ask (a question) â spĂžrge · stille et spĂžrgsmĂ„l
ask for (aka ârequestâ) â bede om
wonder â tĂŠnke over/pĂ„ · undre sig
listen â lytte · hĂžre efter
remember â huske · erindre
decide â beslutte · vĂŠlge
change â ĂŠndre · skifte (certain things like clothes, sometimes colour...)
study â studere · lĂŠse
improve â forbedre · blive bedre
care â bryde sig om · vĂŠre interesseret i
Phrases (fraser)
are you polite (normal) or That Bitchâą?
goodbye â farvel · hej (igen)
youâre welcome â det var sĂ„ lidt · velbekomme
excuse me (to get someoneâs attention) â undskyld mig
itâs fine (response to an apology) â det er iorden · det er OK · det er okay · det er fint
please â that'll be a no from Danish. we usually use modal verbs (vil, kan), er du sĂžd ... 'would you be so kind as to ...' or venligst 'kindly'.
okay â okay · OK · i orden · fint
My name is â jeg hedder · mit navn er
Whatâs your name? â hvad hedder du? · hvad er dit navn?
Nice to meet you â hyggeligt/godt/rart at mĂžde dig
How are you? â hvordan gĂ„r det?
Iâm doing well, how about you? â det gĂ„r fint/godt, hvad med dig?
Sorry? / What? (if you didnât hear something) â undskyld? · hvad? · hvabehar?
How do you say ...? â hvordan siger man ...?
What does ... mean? â hvad betyder ...?
I donât understand â jeg forstĂ„r ikke ... · det forstĂ„r jeg ikke · det kan jeg ikke forstĂ„
Could you repeat that? â kan/kunne/vil du gentage det?
Could you speak more slowly, please? â kan/kunne du tale langsommere?
Well (as in âwell, I thinkâŠâ) â altsĂ„
I guess that â vel (this is a WHOLE can of worms that I can open if you'd like me to, but not on this post) · jeg tror, at
Itâs hot. (talking about the weather) â det er varmt
Itâs cold. (talking about the weather) â det er koldt
also here are all the swear words, because I'm absolutely shameless and I know you are too.