i hoard posts

my studyblr is rheinstudy and this is slightly more of a langblr/just where i put posts to look at later 

[jv]

This is super exciting! We still don't have any fucking idea of where the Basque language came from, though 😁

[sundayswithangeli]

Is ㄹ pronounced as L or R?

This is probably one of the most common questions that beginners ask when learning 한글. Just like every beginner learners, I went through this as well which is why I decided to study pronunciation rules too. I created this post to help clear up any confusion.

When ㄹ is located at the beginning of a word, it sounds more like an R.

Example: 라디오 (ra-di-o), 레슨 (re-seun), 로맨틱 (ro-man-tik)

When ㄹ is located between two vowels, it sounds like an R.

Example: 다리 (da-ri), 사랑 (sa-rang), 어렵다 (eo-ryeob-dda), 모르다 (mo-reu-da), 노력 (no-ryeok), 매력 (mae-ryeok)

When ㄹ is located at the end of a word, it’s pronounced more like an L.

Example: 딸 (ddal), 아들 (a-deul), 월 (weol), 달 (dal), 칼 (khal), 연필 (yeon-pil), 교실 (gyo-sil)

When ㄹ is followed by a consonant or followed by another ㄹ, it sounds like L.

Example: 딸기 (ddal-gi), 힘들다 (him-deul-da), 몰라 (mol-la), 살자 (sal-ja), 고릴라 (go-ril-la)

When ㄹ comes after any consonant except ㄴ, ㄹ is pronounced as N.

Example: 생리 (saeng-ni), 국립 (gung-nip), 능력 (neung-nyeok)

When ㄹ comes before or after an ㄴ, both ㄹ and ㄴ are pronounced as ㄹ.

Example: 한류 (hal-lyu), 신라 (sil-la), 신랑 (sil-lang), 달나라 (dal-la-ra)

Disclaimer: Hope this helps but remember not to rely too much on romanizations and listen to the sounds properly as well.

This is a post that I shared on Amino app and I decided to post it here as well.

[flickerofkorean]

This really covers the complex pronunciation of ㄹ well BUT there is a bit more to the first one:

“When ㄹ is located at the beginning of a word, it sounds more like an R.”

The only native Korean word that starts with ㄹ is the name of the letter itself - 리을. That first one is indeed always pronounced with an R sound (in that R tip of the tongue flaps quickly, and you don’t curl your tongue back like in English)

Now comes the BUT part.

All other words that start with ㄹ in Korean are loanwords and the choice between L and R rests solely on how that word is pronounced in its native language.

So while you are right that 라디오 (ra-di-o), 로맨틱 (ro-man-tik) are pronounced with R sound, words like 레슨 lesson, 러브 love, 립스틱 lipstick  SHOULD be pronounced with an L sound.

However, that would mean that native Korean speaker has to know how each of those words is pronounced in its own language. That’s why they will sometimes use R pronunciation even when it’s supposed to be L.

I love my pronunciation textbook.

[athenastudying-deactivated20220]

why does german have a different past tense for writing and speaking? is it to make me feel like an idiot?

i raise you: english with the simple past and present perfect, plus all the weird progressives. (yes, i’m mad about that. took me years to understand.) 

okay, quick crash course: 

PRÄTERITUM

personal pronoun + verb in the Präteritum (ich lief, du erzähltest, wir lachten). 

exceptions everywhere so beware (essen -> aß, gehen -> ging etc.)

written language, formal reports and essays, newspaper stuff, anything you want to sound fancy

some frequent verbs like modals are used in this tense in daily conversation as well, like können (ich konnte), sein (ich war), haben (ich hatte), dürfen (ich durfte)

examples: Ich war heute in der Schule (I was in school today); Meine Mutter konnte nicht kommen (My mum couldn’t come), Wir durften nicht gehen (We weren’t allowed to go). 

PERFEKT

personal pronoun + form of to be (sein) or to have (haben) + participle 2 (ich bin gelaufen, du hast erzählt, wir haben gelacht). 

pretty nice because the participle stays the same and you only really need to know the forms of sein and haben

mostly used in spoken language for anything that happened in the past. 

used in written language if the result of what happened still impacts the present situation (Sie hat ein Kind bekommen = she had a daughter not too long ago).  

also used for future events if you use the tense shift: if Präsens = Futur 1 (Morgen schreibt sie ihre Klausur instead of Morgen wird sie ihre Klausur schreiben), then Perfekt = Futur 2 (Morgen um diese Zeit hat sie ihre Klausur geschrieben instead of Morgen um diese Zeit wird sie ihre Klausur geschrieben haben). 

most verbs carry “haben” as a Hilfsverb, i.e. all transitive active verbs and all reflexive verbs. 

use “sein” for 1) intransitive verbs expressing motion (ich bin gefahren), 2) verbs expressing a change in condition (er ist gestorben), 3) sein, haben, werden, 4) transitive perfect passive verbs (Es ist eröffnet worden). 

We do have one problem, and those are verbs of position, e.g. stehen (stand) and sitzen (sit). The North uses these with haben, the southern parts (plus I think Austria?) uses them with sein. We will probably never reach an agreement so as long as you decide on one option and do it consistently you’ll be good. 

[0-miso]

japanese phrases — explained

こんにちは → hello, good day

a lot of beginners wonder why “こんにちは” is spelled with a は instead of a わ. that is because こんにちは (in kanji, 今日は) is actually the beginning of a sentence, in which こんにち (今日, these days) is the topic, so the particle は is used! this sentence is:

“how are you these days?” 今日はご機嫌いかがですか? (こんにちはごきげんいかがですか?)

this also applies to “こんばんは” (good evening).

おはようございます → good morning

lit.: “it is early”

in casual speech this phrase is shortened to “おはよう”. the phrase “おはよう” is a combination of the honorific prefix お and the adverb 早く(はやく, early).

japanese adjectives used to end -ki. however, the /k/ was dropped during the muromachi period, and -ki adjectives became -i adjectives and their adverbial forms -ku became -u. while adjectives stayed in the -i form, the adverbial form reverted back to -ku, with only some expressions staying in the -u form.

/ohayaku/ → /ohayau/ → /ohayoː/

ございます is ~ ます conjugation of the archaic verb ござる (to be, to exist).

(おはようございます = honorific お + 早く, old adverbial form + polite conjugation of “to be”.)

おやすみなさい → good night

lit.: please rest

in casual speech this phrase is shortened to “おやすみ”. again, the honorific prefix お is used. this this it is combined with the 休みなさい (やすみなさい) which is the polite imperative of 休む (やすむ) “to rest”.

ありがとうございます → thank you

lit.: it is difficult to exist, it is welcome  

in casual speech this phrase is shortened to “ありがとう”. it originated from the  adverb ありがたく (welcome, nice to have). similar to おはよう, this adverb is also one of those expressions where the form with the dropped /k/ is still used. /ariɡataku/ → /ariɡatau/ → /ariɡatoː/

the etymology of the adverb itself can be seen through its kanji 有り難う. 有り (あり) “existence” derived from the verb 有る (ある) “to be” is combined with the archaic adjective 難い (かたい) “hard, difficult”, making it the adjective 有り難い (ありがたい) which is also used nowadays and means “welcome, nice to have”, literally however it would mean “it is difficult for something like this to exist” (which is why you’re thankful to have it :) ) 

this is combined with ございます, the ~ ます conjugation of the archaic verb ござる (to be, to exist).

(ありがとうございます = ありがとう, the adverbial form of 有り難い (ありがたい) “welcome, difficult to exist” + ございます “to be”)

いただきます → thank you for the food

lit.: i receive

this phrase is said before eating and means something along the lines of “let’s eat!” or “thank you for the food”. it is the polite ~ます conjugation of the humble verb 頂く(いただく) to receive.

ごちそうさまでした → thank you for the food, it was delicious

lit.: it was a feast, you ran around a lot

this phrase also means “thank you for the food”, but it’s used after you’ve finished eating. in casual speech this phrase is shortened to “ごちそうさま”. the honorific prefix ご is used in front of the noun 馳走 (ちそう) and the honorific suffix 様 (さま) is attached simply for politeness . the archaic meaning of 馳走 (ちそう) is “running about” and it also means “feast or treat” because someone must’ve worked (ran about) a lot for that. then the past tense of the copula です “to be” → でした  is attached.

[spanishskulduggery]

Do you have a foolproof way of knowing when to use cuál and qué? I'm sad because I never get it right 😞

So, in general, the difference is that of “what” vs. “which”

cuál or cuáles is “which” or “which ones” and you would use it if you were trying to ask for something specific

qué is “what” and it gets used when you have no idea at all; it works at its most grammatically correct when followed by a conjugated verb [but not always] but something like ¿qué me dices? “what did you say to me? or just a simple ¿qué? “what?” or y ¿qué? “so what?” tends to be just qué

Just like in English, “what” is more common than “which”, and sometimes you can use them to say sort of the same thing:

¿Qué día es hoy? = What day is today?

¿Cuál día es hoy? = Which day is it today? 

I’d mark them both correct, though the second one feels more grammatically correct.

But the more correct way to ask this something like “What’s today’s date” is used with cuál as in… ¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy? “What’s today’s date?” …you use “which” here in Spanish because the day HAS to have a date.

That’s where things get iffy for people because English uses “what” more often when Spanish would use “which”. The reasoning behind this is because in Spanish, someone MUST have what you’re asking so you’re being more grammatically correct.

And these are the ones you really should be saying correctly:

¿Cuál es tu nombre? = What’s your name?

¿Cuál es la diferencia entre… y …? = What’s the difference between … and …?

¿Cuál es la respuesta correcta? = What’s the right answer? / Which is the right answer?

¿Cuál es la capital de…? = What’s the capital of…?

¿Cuál es el problema? = What’s the problem?

¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy? = What’s today’s date?

¿Cuál es tu dirección? = What’s your address?¿Cuál es tu dirección de correo electrónico? = What’s your email address? [more Spain]¿Cuál es tu dirección de email? = What’s your email address? [more Latin America]¿Cuál es tu email? = What’s your email? [more Latin America and more informal than the long way]

¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono? = What’s your phone number?

*note: some of these use tú examples but you can use mi, tu, su, nuestro/a, vuestro/a etc as needed

In the case of something like “Whats the difference between X and Y?” …in Spanish you ask “Which is the difference” because you know that there IS a difference. So you’re asking “out of everything it could possibly be, WHICH REASON is the difference” in a way.

You say “Which is your name?” in Spanish because pretty much everyone in the world has a name. Same thing with phone numbers and addresses etc.

This isn’t to say you can’t use qué. It’s sometimes fine but not always correct.

Especially for asking someone’s name, address, saying “what’s the problem”, phone number, or asking about capitals or specific information you’d be using cuál

But if you just google like “qué es el significado de ____” it’ll totally understand what you’re looking for, and most people will too. It’s just not always considered the grammatically appropriate one to use, especially on tests/essays.

[afunnyfeminist]

The rule that I learned (implicitly from Rosetta Stone, because that’s how they do it) is to use cuál before es/son and qué before pretty much anything else. Is this rule reliable? I learned the what/which difference in school, but Rosetta Stone broke me of that. Now I don’t know what to think!

[spanishskulduggery]

In general, you’re not wrong. It does depend a bit on context:

¿Qué son? = What are they?

¿Cuáles son? = Which ones are they?

If you just ask this question by itself, not specifying a noun [which leans towards cuál] then both sentences are totally correct depending on context.

If you say ¿qué son? you’re approaching it from a place of “I don’t even know what this could be” and it asks for identification or definition.

Saying ¿cuáles son? for example is more something that you would use for specification.

So for example:

¿Qué es la hipertensión y cuáles son los síntomas? = What is hypertension and what are the symptoms?

Using qué makes sense when you’re asking for a definition of something; cuál makes sense when you’re asking for the specifics of something or you’re looking harder into something; you know it’s some kind of disease and that it must have symptoms but “which” symptoms?

When you’re asking blanket statements looking for definition or something, qué makes sense. And cuál makes sense when you phrase it just a little differently:

¿Qué significa la miopía? = What does “myopia” mean? / What does “nearsightedness” mean? ¿Qué es la miopía? = What is “myopia/nearsightedness”? ¿Qué será la miopía? = What is “myopia/nearsightedness”? [sometimes questions like google ones use future tense]

¿Cuál es el significado de la miopía? = What’s the meaning of “myopia”? / What’s the significance of “myopia”?

¿Cuáles son los síntomas de la miopía? = What are the symptoms of nearsightedness?

¿Cuál es el tratamiento de la miopía? = What’s the treatment for nearsightedness? / How do you treat nearsightedness?

*Note: For big overarching questions or things you know nothing about or want a definition of, qué makes the most sense, and cuál looks for specification

¿Qué es hacer lo correcto? = What is the right thing? / What does doing the right thing mean?

¿Cuál es lo correcto? = What’s the right one? ¿Cuál es la respuesta? = What’s the answer?

…But realistically, people use qué more even when it isn’t considered totally grammatically correct so you don’t have to stress out about it TOO much. It’s something you develop a feel for more as you go.

[polyglotfantasy]

Mandarin School Subjects Vocab

Yet another simple Mandarin vocab list, this time on different school subjects!

英语 - English [Yīngyǔ] 普通话 - Mandarin Chinese [Pǔtōnghuà] 文学 - Literature [wénxué] 语言 - Language [yǔyán] 语言学 -  Linguistics [yǔyánxué] 历史 -  History [lìshǐ] 考古学 - Archaeology [kǎogǔxué] 地理学 - Geography [dìlǐxué] 地质学 -  Geology [dìzhìxué] 神学 - Religious Studies/Theology [shénxué] 音乐课 -  Music [yīnyuèkè] 数学 -  Mathematics [shùxué] 生物学 - Biology [shēngwùxué] 化学 - Chemistry [huàxué] 物理学 - Physics [wùlǐxué] 法语 - French [Fǎyǔ] 西班牙语 - Spanish [Xībānyáyǔ] 德语 - German [Déyǔ] 体育 -  Sports [tǐyù] 信息技术 - I.T./Technology [xìnxī jìshù] 法学 - Law [fǎxué] 社会学 - Sociology [shèhuìxué] 经济学 -  Economics [jīngjìxué] 政治学 - Politics [zhèngzhìxué]

[athenastudying-deactivated20220]

Can you write a post explaining German cases please?

If they could be explained in one post, i’m sure we’d all have less problems lmao but i’ll try! 

1. What cases are there? 

German has four cases: Nominativ, Genitiv, Dativ und Akkusativ. (for any Latin nerds: Same as in Latin minus Ablative and Vocative.) 

2. Why are they necessary? 

Well, for once, you’ll need them if you want native speakers to understand what you’re saying. But let’s go a little deeper and compare German to English: 

In English, the meaning depends on the sentence structure. “The man bit the dog” and “The dog bit the man” have very different meanings even though both sentences use the same words - that’s because of the typical SVO-order. In English, the subject generally comes first, then some kind of verb, then the object (there are more difficult cases of course, but let’s not go into that rn). English has very little morphology, meaning that nouns/pronouns/determiners don’t inflect (a lot) depending on the case they’re in. 

In German, you can switch stuff around until you’re dizzy. “Der Hund biss den Mann” and “Den Mann biss der Hund” both mean the same, because “den” indicates that “Mann” is in the Akkusativ, thus he’s the one being bitten, no matter where you put him in the sentence. The case morphology allows a freer sentence order without leading to possible misunderstandings. 

3. So how do I know which case I need? 

This is the moment where it gets more complicated. You can associate the following questions with each case: 

Nominativ = Wer oder was? (Who?. The subject of a sentence is always in the nominative case.)

Genitiv = Wessen? (Whose?. Typically describes possession or comes as a rule after certain prepositions like “wegen” or verbs like “gedenken”.)

Okay, we can deal with that. Now on to the more difficult stuff: 

Dativ = Wem? 

Akkusativ = Wen oder was? 

To understand this, some knowledge of grammar is definitely an advantage. Consider the following sentences: 

I have a book. = Ich habe ein Buch. 

This is all well and nice. Subject (NOM), Verb, Object (AKK). 

In English, you would call “a book” a direct object because the verb “to have” is transitive, meaning it carries one object. “I have.” isn’t generally a full sentence and is expected to be followed by an object.

So apparently all our problems are solved with the Akkusativ/direct object. What now? 

I give you a book. = Ich gebe dir ein Buch. 

This is the critical moment. Subject (NOM), Verb, Object (DAT), Object (AKK). 

Suddenly we have two objects because the verb “to give” makes us expect information about what we’re giving (direct object, AKK) and to whom we’re giving it (indirect object, DAT). 

Such verbs are called ditransitive, meaning they can carry two objects. Just saying “I give.” leaves us wondering what you’re talking about because we’re missing key information. 

English, as explained above, solves this with sentence order by making the indirect object come first or by indicating it with “to” (“I give a book to you”). German solves it with inflection, putting the indirect object in a different case. 

That’s why things like “Ein Buch gebe ich dir” and “Dir gebe ich ein Buch” are both possible in German.

There are also intransitive verbs which carry either no object at all or just a dative object (“Ich antworte ihm”). 

4. How do I know which verbs carry which object(s)? 

This list will save you.  At some point (once you’ve gotten to a certain level in German), you’ll have a gut feeling about which object(s) to use just from experience. Give it some time! 

5. What about determiners and pronouns? 

I actually think this is less work because it’s one table of endings each, and once you’ve got that down you should be fine. 

This handbook explains everything really well in my opinion. 

Here’s a whole page about pronouns (relative, personal, and every other kind you can think of.)

Here are a LOT of exercises. 

Here are printables for German case declensions by @languageoclock. 

side note: As a native speaker and language nerd who loves grammar, it’s hard for me to judge if this was helpful or just confusing as hell. I hope I still answered your question to some extent! If you need more help or have problems with a specific sentence, let me know and i’ll try my best! :) 

[liu-anhuaming]

you’ve heard of 他, 她, and它...

…but did you know there’s a 4th pronoun that’s also pronounced tā?

it’s 祂, and it’s used to refer to God, Jesus, or any other divine being

[src]

[lyrastudiesstuff]

Day 12: Masterpost French

Basics

Less-Basic Basics

Verbs!

Verbs (Regular, Irregular, Passé Composé, & Reflexive)

Le Passé Composé

Exceptions to Passé Composé Rules

Verbs (Imparfait, Le Futur Simple, & Le Conditionnel)

Le Passé Simple (Regular Verbs)

The Subjunctive (Forming it)

The Subjunctive (When to use it)

Grammar (Basic)

Grammar (Qui & Que, Adjectives, Adverbs, Interrogatives)

Flowers

Jobs

The Body

The Body Parts

Camping

Health

Random Phrases

Slang Reactions

Idioms

More Idioms

How To Sound Like A Parisian

Tongue Twisters

French Media

Sur Ma Route

Basic Essay Phrases

Good Phrases for Essays

Writing Essays (Part 1)

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4

Quotes About Life

Quotes About Love

[spanishpod101]

                                       Spanish Capitalization

1. Days and Months: Names of the days of the week and months of the year use lower-case letters. 

Hoy es lunes. (Today is Monday.) 

México celebra su independencia el 16 de septiembre. (Mexico celebrates its independence on September 16.)

2. Composition Titles: In formal written Spanish, titles of movies, books, plays and similar works capitalize only the first word and proper nouns.

La guerra de las galaxias (“Star Wars”), 

Lo que el viento se llevó (”Gone with the Wind”).

3. Place names: The names of rivers, lakes, mountains and other geographic features are capitalized but the place identifiers are not. 

Nadamos en el río Amazonas. (We swam in the Amazon River.) 

Llegamos a la cima del monte Everest (We reached the top of Mount Everest.)

4. Personal Titles: Introductory titles are not capitalized, although common abbreviations of them are. 

El doctor Alejandro no está en su oficina. 

El Dr. Alejandro no está en su oficina.

[educatier]

[mazzytwi]

language resources

hi guys since i just hit 1k (1.2k now) i decided to make this :) i don’t have a lot for other languages besides Spanish or French, but this is mainly what i have :) THERES LITERALLY NO ORDER TO THIS SORRY

General

website 1 (verbal planet)

worksheets

vocab lists

grammar explanations 

free downloads

website 2 (the language gym)

you can choose what tenses you want to be studied on

tests vocab

play games

website 3 (word brewery)

great for vocab and practicing understanding

Spanish

English

Chinese

Arabic

Portuguese

Russian

Japanese

German

French

Italian

Polish

Ukrainian

Korean

Serbian (Latin)

Serbian (Cryillic)

Hungarian

Greek

Swedish

Norwegian

improving vocabulary

how to learn a new language 1+ language masterpost

how to learn languages 2

speed of a language (what is the fastest lang?)

apps for many languages

printable

losing interest in a language class

BaDum!

starting a language journal

language tips

studying tips

free online courses

topics to talk about in ur target lang.

ASL (american sign language)

tips

alphabet

Spanish

conversation vocab

animals

essay vocab 1

essay vocab 2

essay vocab 3

saying hello

saying goodbye

spanish tenses masterpost

nature vocab

mental health vocab

resources 1

resources 2

resources 3

some really random vocab

cual vs que

spanish comics

quick “today i have to” exercise

quick “tomorrow i have to” exercise

reaction phrases

time vocab

que fue explained

alli vs alla

summer vocab

cinema vocab

future indicative examples

para vs por

weather

extra handy vocab for conversations 

linking time with actions

more basics 

French

resources 1

resources 2

resources 3

resources 4

resources 5

resources 6

Le Passé Composé masterpost

langage-et-linguistique

basics cheat sheet

saying theres no point in french

beautiful vocab

verbs

adverbs

adjectives

be mean in french

animals vocab

weather vocab

slang

small talk

example of studying a song

my study playlist (hon hon)

trees and flowers vocab

im grateful in french

guessing french genders

dog vocab ;)

harry potter in french PDFs

level 3 stuff ( @dehgastudies )

questions + answers vocab

how to learn french

feelings

nighttime vocab

handy vocab for reading articles

travel vocab

essay vocab

places vocab

Italian

guessing italian genders

masterpost 

resources

geography/astrology vocab

German

mission berlin game story

slow german

kids game !! easy vocab

language guide

Greek

great resources to begin learning

the basics

modern greek

greek resources

definitive article

key phrases 

more basics

greek 101 site

Czech

vocab

Hungarian

vocab

Chinese

stroke order

mandarin verbs

basic words

Romanian

school vocab

appearance vocab

emotions

Polish

astrology vocab

Korean

travel vocab

how to read

korean grammar

how to study korean!

Portuguese

animals

ta falado

oneness

Hebrew

back to school resources

Japanese

learning 

basics

household items vocab

clothing items vocab

Norwegian

textbooks based on CEFR levels

head vocab

resources

Vietnamese

resources

resources 2

alphabet

lessons

survival phrases

Welsh

resources !!

[dialect-warrior]

GERMAN DIALECTS MASTERPOST (pt. 1)

Grias enk!

Soooo ages ago I promised to create a masterpost of resources for those interested in dialects. Finally did it! I’m sorry about the wait.. life, y’know.

I’m splitting this into two posts because I wanted to share something at least, but I’ve not had time to cover everything. So, pt. 2 will come later. Sorry!

Anyway.. enjoy what I have so far!

a:     General dialect info/resources

Wikipedia article on dialects

Pretty damn good rundown of dialects

Links for dialect learners

Memrise courses for various dialects

Book of maps showing word differences and origins

Another book generally on dialects

b:     Austro-Bavarian German

Bavarian guide, including grammar

Vocab and basic grammar of different Bavarian dialects

Hochdeutsch-Bavarian dictionary

Bavarian Wikipedia

Viennese dictionary

Viennese vocab list

Da Fraunz - memes in Viennese dialect

Austrian dialect subreddit

Hochdeutsch-Austrian dictionary

Small Austrian course

Info and links about Salzburg dialects

Basic guide to Tirolerisch

Südtirolerisch dictionary

c:     Alemannic German

Alemannic Wikipedia

Swabian dictionary/guide

Another Swabian guide

Swabian word list

Swiss German guide

Swiss German courses on Memrise

Swiss German dictionary

Swiss German beginner’s phrase book

Vorarlbergerisch guide, vocab and grammar

Vorarlbergerisch dictionary

[buzzfeedtasty]

Bibimbap By Chef Esther Choi

Keep reading

[travelingwithink]

MASTERPOST IN SPANISH LEARNING

(image: Gramática de la lengua castellana by Antonio de Nebrija. First work in Spanish language and its rules. Source: Wikipedia)

Pronuntiation

The sounds of Spanish

Dictionaries 

Diccionario de la lengua española 

Diccionario panhispánico de dudas 

Diccionario de americanismos

Verb conjugator 

Grammar 

complete and accurate grammar  

Another good grammar

Grammar exercices

Really advanced grammar (last year of Spanish high school level)

Basic ortography exercices

Slang Spanish from Spain (audio)

Vocabulary: favourite word of Spanish (video)

Vocabulary (free)

Vocabulary, grammar, songs, twisters

Learning language in a fun way

Simple, easy and fun with Tio Spanish

Learn Spanish (contrasted to English)

Let’s talk in Spanish!

Spanish daily life (Radio, TV, etc)

Cadena Ser 

Los 40 principales (music)

El País (News paper)

Watch one the TV show that moved the hearts of thousands of Spanish grannies (and learn about Spanish history and its impact in society!) I haven’t been able to find the complete series…

Theme song 

Amar en tiempos revueltos - 1st episode

Let’s learn about Spanish history, society and culture

History 

Literature (for advanced learners)

Las fiestas de mi pueblo 1 (Berga) 

Spanish humor (El Club de la Comedia)

Spanish Civil War

History of the Spanish language

Generación del 27 - Ana María Matute and Ana María Moix(literature)

Complete guide to Spanish culture/art

Literature (advanced learners) COMPLETE CLASSICS ONLINE

El Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes

El Lazarillo de Tormes 

Fortunata y Jacinta by Benito Pérez Galdós

Conference by Ana María Matute “Pensar la lengua” “Think the language”

[fluentlee]

hi!! could you explain how sentencing words in Korean works? like with object, subject, verb.

Hi :) I’d be happy to!

So the word order in a sentence for English would be subject-verb-object.

ex. I eat a sandwich.

But in Korean, the word order is subject-object-verb.

ex. 제가 샌드위치를 먹어요.

Korean word order in English = I sandwich eat.

And because the sentence structure in Korean places nouns (the subject and object) next to each other, particles are often needed to distinguish the word’s role in the sentence. In addition to that, having the verb at the end of the sentence allows one to conjugate the verb to match politeness levels, show tenses, and add extra information to the sentence.

I hope that makes sense ^_^ Feel free to lmk if you need help understanding anything else!

[annyeongkoko]

This is the second part to learning about the basic sentence structure in Korean, so if you haven’t read Part 1, you can find it here

So the main focus in this post is on particles and spacing. 

So the particles used in Korean are:

이 / 가 - This is a subject particle which is used to introduce a new subject 

은 / 는 - Also a subject particle which is used to continue speaking about the current subject being discussed

을 / 를 - An object particle which is used with all objects

에 / 에서 - This is used after an adverbial

Keep reading