Coordination Chemistry of Macrocyclic Compounds
[Coordination Chemistry of Macrocyclic Compounds. Edwin C Constable. 28 January 1999. Oxford University Press [OUP]. OUP Higher Education Division. Oxford Chemistry Primers Number 72. 96 pages. Over 135 illustrations. Paperback. 246 x 189 mm. ISBN 9780198556923 (Data thanks to publisher)]
Anyone who has read my book reviews these past years will be aware of my affinity for chemistry and the physical sciences. This present volume is another monograph in the Oxford Chemistry Primer series, of which there are currently a few hundred releases (this one is #72 in the series). I have already reviewed several of them. This volume is perhaps my favorite to date, as it treats an area in which I have actually worked (briefly) as an undergraduate chemistry major.
Coordination chemistry concerns the chemistry of large molecules, usually organic molecules (that is, molecules based on carbon), which contain one or more pore spaces into which metal ions may be inserted and captured via a mechanism known as ligand bonding. Such molecules are ubiquitous in nature; an example of such a molecule is the heme molecule that forms an active site in hemoglobin, responsible for oxygen transport in the bloodstream. Heme is an example of a coordination compound called a porphyrin; the metal ion at its center is iron. For the more pedantic among you, the iron cation at the center of heme can be in either the single (1+) and double (2+) valence states, depending on whether or not it has bound diatomic oxygen or some other small molecule for transport.
Macrocyclic compounds are molecules that form pore spaces out of large rings of atoms, typically involving carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and/or oxygen (though others are certainly possible). Each of these types of atoms can expose unpaired electrons which present an attractive energetic field in which cations (positively charged ions) of metals can find a home. Certain macrocycles expose pi-orbital electrons (those involved in double- and even triple-bonds) that also provide an electron-rich environment in which to snare metal cations. This sort of interplay assists in the thermodynamics of countless reactions of physical and biological importance.
Professor Edwin C Constable describes the properties of several classes of macrocyclic molecules, including the aforementioned porphyrins, crown ethers, and various macrocycles that don't have convenient classifications. He covers basic methods of synthesis - how these compounds are constructed in a laboratory - as well as many of their underlying thermodynamic and kinetic properties.
All in all, it's a fascinating monograph on an area of chemistry that sits at the interface between organic, inorganic and physical chemistry. I highly recommend this volume for anyone who is at all curious: How do these kinds of molecules work?
Book cover: © Oxford University Press 1999 / Portrait: Edwin C Constable © Unknown