That Which Negates Precision From A Narrator
Thirdly: What are the matters that negate al-ḍabṭ (ie: accuracy) ثالثاً: ما يخرج باشتراط الضبط: 1) Kathrah al-Wahm (ie: making a lot of mistakes): When a narration has been conveyed to a narrator as mursal (ie: disconnected) but he connects it (ie: mistakenly mixing it with another chain of narration), or he raises an āthar (ie: a narration that is supposed to be attributed to a Companion) to the Prophet ﷺ (ie: making it mawqūf). 1 ـ كثرة الوَهْم: أن تكثر من الراوي الرواية على سبيل التَّوهُّم فَيَصِلَ الإسناد المرسل، ويرفع الأثر الموقوف ونحو ذلك. 2) When the narrator's narrations often opposes the narrations of one who is much more reliable than them, or (the narrations of) a group of reliable narrators. 2 ـ كثرة مخالفة الراوي لمن هو أوثق منه أو لجمع من الثقات. 3) Sū al-Ḥifdh: Someone who has a weak memory such that it cannot be established whether their narrations (when they narrate from memory) are accurate or not. 3 ـ سوء الحفظ: أن لا يترجح جانب إصابة الراوي على جانب خطئه بل يتساوى الاحتمالان. 4) Shiddah al-Ġaflah (ie: extreme negligence): When the narrator is not attentive and thus one cannot distinguish what is correct and what is a mistake from his narrations. 4 ـ شدّة الغفلة: أن لا يكون لدى الراوي من اليقظة والإتقان ما يميّز به الصواب من الخطأ في مروياته. 5) Fush al-Ġalaṭ (ie: making serious mistakes): The amount of times the narrator was mistaken (in his narrations) is greater than the amount of times they were correct in them. 5 ـ فحش الغلط: أن يزيد خطأ الراوي على صوابه زيادة فاحشة. 6) When the narrator's ignorance of the content of what he is narrating leads to him changing the meaning of the ḥadīth. 6 ـ جهل الراوي بمدلولات الألفاظ ومقاصدها وما يُحيْلُ معانيها ـ عند الرواية بالمعنى ـ حيث يتعيّن عند ذلك الأداء باللفظ الذي سمعه اتفاقاً لئلا يقع فيما يَصْرِفُ الحديث عن المعنى المراد به. 7) When a narrator (who relies on his notebooks for his precision) is negligent concerning preserving and maintaining what he wrote down. 7 ـ تساهل الراوي في مقابلة كتابه وتصحيحه وصيانته. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Muḥammad al-ʿAbd al-Laṭīf, Ḍawābiṭ al-Jarḥ wa ʿl-Taʿdīl 1/10 عبد العزيز بن محمد العبد اللطيف، ضوابط الجرح والتعديل ١/١٠ https://shamela.ws/rep.php/book/3237 Telegram: https://t.me/ilmtest Twitter: https://twitter.com/ilmtest_ Instagram: https://instagram.com/ilmtest Facebook: https://facebook.com/ilmtest Tumblr: https://ilmtest.tumblr.com Website: https://www.ilmtest.net