Absorption of light allows 11-cis-retinal to relax from a bent shape (arising from the cis double bond) to a lower energy, all-trans arrangement. The straighter all-trans-retinal can no longer fit in the receptor designed for 11-cis-retinal and is ejected. This change leads to differences in cell membrane potential and, as ions are pumped into the cell, this response turns into a nerve impulse that travels to the brain. That is not the end of the matter; the all-trans-retinal generated by this process is reconverted to 11-cis-retinal by specific enzymes, which can re-bind into the receptor, ready to interact with another photon of light.
FIGURE 16.21 The chemistry of colour detection in the eye following absorption of a particular wavelength of light by rhodopsin.
"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.

















