#reshef

[loulalune]

A prayer to Lord Rašpu

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Honor to Prince Rašpu of the Shield, Son of ‘Ilu,

Patron of those seeking amends and blessings after and throughout War and Healing;

Gratitude to the Bringer of the Plague, sending forth the Cleansing,

Bringer of the spoils of War, rewarding those who prevail;

Praise to the Guardian of the Underworld, Porter of Šapšu,

Both Deliverer of Sickness, Bloodshed and Death,

Healing, Consoling and Purification;

Blessed are those under Your protection,

Fighters, who ride into battles and strike down their enemies,

Protectors, who shield against harm and endure for the sake of others,

Healers, who mend what was once broken and tend to those in need;

Honor to you always, Rašpu of Bibati, as you reign, the One who is victorious in all Battles.

[elizabeth-halime]

Reshef/Resheph = Reshef is a fierce, aggressive ancient Semitic spirit of warfare and epidemics. He holds power over life and death. Reshef was worshipped throughout the Hittite Empire as well as in Egypt, Aram (original home of the Aramaic language), and Phoenicia, and its colonies.

[smarmykemetic]

The name Bes (perhaps from the word besa, 'to protect') is a relatively late term used to describe what are really a number of deities and demons of Egypt, perhaps not all originally related, through all of similar form. Perhaps ten separate gods -Aha, Amam, Bes, Hayet, Ihty, Mefdjet, Menew, Segeb, Sopdu and Tetetenu- share similar, if not identical, characteristics making 'Bes' a complex and not always clearly understood figure. Although the developed deity came to be one of the most popular and widespread of the Egyptian gods, little can be said with certainty of his beginnings. In the past different scholars have assigned him both African and Near Eastern roots, but this is unnecessary and the god is attested in Egypt -if somewhat indirectly- since Old Kingdom times. He (or related deities such as Aha: 'fighter') appears on scores of artifacts of Middle Kingdom date, but it is not until the New Kingdom and later that Bes figures and images become truly widespread and reflect popular acceptance of the developed deity. Despite his appearance, which changed in many details over time, Bes was deemed beneficient to humans and he was accepted by all classes of Egyptians as a powerful apotropaic deity. He was especially associated with the protection of children and pregnant women and those giving birth and often depicted alongside Taweret in this role. Just as the Bes figure subsumed various minor gods and demons, in later times he was himself syncretized with other protective deities, forming the 'core' of a composite deity whose elements included Amun, Min, Horus, Sopdu, Reshef and other gods. Mythologically, Bes could also be associated with Re, Hathor and Horus -sometimes as the combined Horbes- and a female form of the got, Beset, sometimes appears as the mother of Horus.

The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt By Richard H. Wilkinson

[revenantscholar]

Reshef aka Resheph aka Reshpu aka Rashap

Ah, Resheph, Rashap, Rashpu, Reshef…. by any name…

He kidnapped my million-word novel inspired by Sutekh. He was meant to be a cameo, and now he is … a constant presence. Admittedly, I have reshaped him to be the deity of BDSM, not just war and pestilence, but I do not think it is far-fetched.

As far as devotional stuff is concerned, there is very little, but it is excellent. A poem by Ptahmassu Nofra-Uaa in the collection A Silver Sun and Inky Clouds: A Devotional for Djehuty and Set (2018) merges him and Sutekh.

Ptahmassu Nofra-Uaa is also the artist whose lush depiction of Rashpu (the Egyptian spelling of the name) comes very close to the way I imagine him. Search for Reshpu, Lord of Might.

Now speaking as a scholar of Semitic languages and the Near East (shit, I even got a Ph.D. in those matters, although for a much later period):

The Wikipedia page in English is actually very informative and comprehensive, even if a few references are missing. Quite a few articles can be found in full if you look for them.

The book by Cornelius is available for full download online.

Cornelius, Izak (1994). The Iconography of the Canaanite Gods Reshef and Baʻal: Late Bronze and Iron Age I Periods (C 1500-1000 BCE)

The one below by a renowned scholar of Semitic linguistics is probably the best single academic monograph. Expensive, but I got it through Hathitrust a few years ago as single images… just have to compile them some day.

Lipiński, Edward. Resheph: A Syro-Canaanite Deity. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 181; Stu- dia Phoenicia XIX. Leuven: Peeters Publishers,. 2009. 

Quite good, but technical, so not beginner material (I do not know what it is about Resheph and eastern Europeans):

Münnich, Maciej M. (2013). The God Resheph in the Ancient Near East

The first monograph about him is this one. Somewhat flawed, but easy to read for non-specialists:

Fulco, William J. The Canaanite god Rešep / by William J. Fulco. New Haven : American Oriental Society; 1976

[kaibaman41]

[BOSS RAGE]Assassin's Creed Origins The 2 Elephants

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