The truth about the gonorrhea "superbug"
A bunch of articles with titles like âGonorrhea superbug may be deadlier than AIDS!â keep popping up on my dash. They all seem to trace back to this CNBC article, which was published last May; who knows why itâs become so popular again. The thought of a strain of gonorrhea that is highly contagious and worse than AIDS is terrifying⊠but itâs also completely bogus. Hereâs why:
The articleâs âexpertâ isnât one:Alan Christianson, the person quoted in the article is a naturopath, not a medical doctor. His specialty is ânatural endocrinologyâ and he doesnât appear to have any particular background in infectious disease or sexual health. (source)
So far, cases of antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea are very isolated:Â H041, the strain of gonorrhea that is resistant to all current antibiotic treatments, has only been reported in one person, in Japan (source). There are other strains of gonorrhea that are resistant to one or more antibiotics, and this is a growing problem, but they can still be treated with alternate antibiotic regimens (source).
Antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea is not known to be more virulent: Christianson says that âthe [antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea] bacteria is more aggressive and will affect more people quicklyâŠÂ Getting gonorrhea from this strain might put someone into septic shock and death in a matter of days.â There have been no reported deaths from H041 (even the CNBC article admits this), and I canât find any other sources saying that itâs any more virulent than other strains of gonorrhea.
Gonorrhea virtually never causes death from septic shock: Gonorrhea can enter the bloodstream and lead to widespread infection; this is called gonococcemia or disseminated gonococcal infection, and it happens in 0.5-3% of gonorrhea cases (source). This is not the same as septic shock. While gonococcemia can lead to septic shock and death, it is exceedingly rare â only two deaths have ever been reported, here and here.
Gonorrhea is nothing like AIDS: The death rate from untreated AIDS is 98%. The death rate from untreated gonorrhea is 1%. (source)
The truth about gonorrhea: Gonorrhea is the second most commonly-reported infectious disease in the United States. People with gonorrhea may show symptoms, but are also likely to be asymptomatic; it is generally easily cured with a single dose of antibiotics, but if left untreated, it can lead to infertility and increased risk of HIV transmission. The best way to avoid gonorrhea is to use barriers like condoms and dental dams for penetration and for oral sex. Testing for gonorrhea involves a urine sample or a simple swab; some clinics will even let you do your own swab so you donât have to have an exam.
ThinkProgress, Planned Parenthood, and the Centers for Disease Control have all published much more accurate stories about drug-resistant gonorrhea. The take-home message? Antibiotic resistance is a major and growing problem, and itâs a good idea to avoid gonorrhea. But antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea is not a lethal superbug, and it doesnât do any good to spread a nonsense rumor in the name of sex ed â especially one thatâs been turned into a scare tactic or a political issue.