Hydrogen Bond notes: 1. Water is made up of Oxygen(6) and Hydrogen(1) which shares Covalent bonds with the Hydrogen atoms. (shares a single electron beterrn them). 2. because Oxygen has 6 electrons then the way that the Water molecule is shaped in a tetrahedral fashion, and because Oxygen is very Electronegative (likes to take more than its fair share of the electrons it shares. There is a sode of a water molecule that is partially positive (on the side with the hydrogen), and a side that is partially negative (sode with the oxygen). 3. when more than one water molecules are put together, they tend to create HYDROGEN BONDS between the partially negative and partially positive charges that they have. 4. When the tempature is higher, and water is a liquid, the molecules have enough kinetic energy to form and break these bonds at will, or to go closer together than they would with less energy. Which is what makes water move like a liquid like all other matter. 5. But when the water has less energy and the temperature lowers, there is no longer enough energy to break the hydrogen bonds and so the water forms tiny crystal looking structures at the molecular level because its all of the hydrogen bonds forming so smoothly. And because it doesnt have enough energy to push the molecules closer together than the hydrogen bonds will allow, it becomes less dense than liquid water, and creates ice, that rises and floats on top of liquid water rather than sinking like other solids. It also creates the beautiful icicle and snowflake shapes because of how organized the hydrogen bonds tend to keep the molecules together. 6. Hydrogen bonds also affect temperature and weather because they cause water to have a higher specific heat (amount of heat needed to raise 1g of a substance by 1 degree Celcius). Which means that water needs to be given more heat energy in order to raise its temperature than other substances. This is because while other substances can use most of that heat to raise their kinetic energy and cause them to rise in temperature, Water must use than energy to break the hydrogen bonds that form over and over again, AND raise its kinetic energy (raise its temperature). Because of this, the air that is in contact with coastal regions and lakes are more likely to be less affected by the weather than the air inland, because its in contact with water which is less affected by the sun. and the air then affects the climate of the whole coastal region to be less temperature than the climate inland.
personally I am of the opinion that vegans who are like “the way our food system currently works under capitalism on a large scale is exceptionally cruel to all animals including humans and is not sustainable, so I’m doing what I can to make the most ethical choices available to me about what I eat and encourage others to do the same” are generally very reasonable people who I agree with in spades. but vegans who seem to think human beings are not themselves animals who are ultimately also part of the food chain but instead some kind of other paternalistic higher entity that can never engage in ethical and sustainable hunting practices (and especially the fringe I’ve seen who think other carnivorous animal predators are also evil and need to be eliminated) are people I regard as foolish at best if not actively anti-indigenous and racist
My mom likes to tell me about how when I was a little kid riding public transport with her I'd always smile and giggle and chat with weird old ladies who smelled like cat pee and homeless folks and strangers dressed in bizarre outfits but any time a tidy and respectable businessman in a suit and tie waved at me I'd immediately clam up, and she takes a great deal of pride in my supposed inherentability to clock personalities but the truth is I do vaguely remember those bus rides, and it was never about the clothes or the hair or the smell, but more because everyone "strange" asked interesting questions and listened to what I had to say and seemed to think about what I said while the neat and tidy and rigid folks only ever acted like they were going through the motions, which was boring as hell and also pretty annoying
As time goes on the idea of a "transtrender" gets funnier and funnier. At what point in time has there ever been a trend or clout to gain from being trans?
i think the key difference between george lucas’s star wars and disney’s star wars is that lucas is a man with an ideology. someone with a point of view, and all that entails. which comes with ideas of revolution, anti-imperialism, challenging the status quo, cultural appropriation and racist stereotypes. complex and contradictory ideas because that’s how artists are: complex and complicated people. disney is not. disney is a corporation. a corporation can’t have ideology, because ideology defeats the purpose of profit. and when the only thing you do is to turn on the movie manufacturing machine before you sit down and plan what ideas are you trying to convey to the audience, then your results are going to be washed out corporate garbage. and because when you’re a giant corporation who only cares about selling to the widest audience possible, you can’t take sides. you can’t decide on an idea. because you want to sell your product to people who are on the entire political spectrum. which results in movies without ideology, without purpose, without soul.
I have been looking for this post for years after I came across it and it’s finally here and I need to reblog this because it is absolutely and entirely accurate.
#as I always say: lucas was making a samurai film and a ww2 flying ace film and a western film and adding laser swords#because he fundamentally LIKED samurai films and dambusters films and westerns and 40’s adventure serials#but disney are making a ‘star wars film’ and adding nothing because it already had laser swords and they have nothing else to say#xerox of a xerox baybeeeee (via harrietvane)
Jerry Seinfeld says that you could never do Seinfeld today but one time when I was really high I fell asleep and dreamed a new episode where Jerry came out of the closet as a trans woman and Elaine wanted to be supportive so she gifted Jerry a dress that she didn't really like but when Jerry wore the dress out she got tons of compliments and Elaine gets super pissed about it because she never got any compliments when she wore it but couldn't say anything because she didn't want anyone to call her a fake ally.
