This is a really nuanced discussion, and I was really glad to see it.
I think the point here boils down to is whether you see marginalized people as…people. A lot of the jerks you see saying “diversity for diversity’s sake is horrible!” are obviously saying that because the idea of a complex/complete character, and a character that is a marginalized person are somehow inherently opposite to them. The same goes for the whole, “so tokenism is fine then?” idea. As if the only possible option to replace no representation is bad representation. What I see is a lot of people who are looking to pass the buck and avoid taking responsibility for their own creative failures. Along with the unreasonable expectation that somehow research will make your creative work “call-out proof”, or make it somehow beyond criticism.
It kind of comes back to something I’ve said before: The problem is too many white writers seem to want facts, figures, quotas, and step-by-step instructions on how to avoid being called racist, rather than, you know, just writing realistic and complex characters of color.
I mean, when it comes to medieval-ish style SFF, Nalo Hopkinson has some wise words:
I wish more fantasy, especially the dominant fantasy that draws heavily on British and Christian lore, would wrestle with its own ethnospecific nature and what that means when the story is set somewhere where more than one belief system is in operation. If all you do is pay lip service to it, you can get the kind of thing where the writer has thrown one Hindu god into a Christianist fantasy (rendering said god by default a demon or otherwise inferior to the dominant religious system of the story, which is such an insult), and the hero is able to vanquish it by chanting a spell in church Latin.
And even more, the question of “should I even be writing about this?” is something that I think also needs to be added to an in-depth discussion of diversity in literature, or fiction in general.
Some of the best words to that affect I can think of are from Hiromi Goto’s Wiscon 38 Guest of Honor Speech:
It matters who and what is being focused upon in fiction. It matters who is creating a fictional account of these tellings. I don’t think the “burden of representation” rests upon the shoulders of those who are positioned as under-represented. If this were the case we would fall into an essentialist trap that will serve no one well. However, I’m okay with saying that it is my hope that white writers who are interested in writing about cultures and subjectivities outside of their own consider very carefully:
1) how many writers from the culture you wish to represent have been published in your country writing in the same language you will use (i.e. English) to write the story,
2) why do you think you’re the best person to write this story?
3) who will benefit if you write this story?
4) why are you writing this story?
5) who is your intended audience?
6) if the people/culture you are selecting to write about has not had enough time, historically and structurally, to tell their story first, on their own terms, should you be occupying this space?
Silence. In the space where your voice would have rang out with its distinct articulation. The moment you silence yourself a gap opens up, and someone else who may have no qualms in occupying that space, will leap in to speak out on their own terms. If you’re a writer (a dreamer) from a people, a community, a history that has been long-marginalized, silenced or misrepresented, we so desperately need to hear your story in your voice, in your own grammar of perception and articulation….
I think an important aspect of diversifying our stories is by diversifying our storytellers, too. I think too many conversations tend to fall into essentialist traps: only if we do THIS, will THIS change. You can have diverse characters OR interesting characters. You can have one, but not the other. There are people who claim you MUST “educate” white writers if you want to see diverse literature, and people who say you can only write about things you directly experience. I think that both of these are needlessly reductive, and the way forward lies outside binary systems of thought. Elements of all of these things are important, and I think that we’re seeing real change now, which is why there’s so much damn backlash.
There’s so much more room for us outside of “very special episodes”, “issue books”, and tragic narratives that end in operatic demises. I think that being very aware of tropes, stereotypes, and already-existing dominant cultural narratives can be the first step in getting them outside of your head, and being able to write something that is truly great, and perhaps even transcendent. And works like these already exist! The path isn’t exactly untrodden. Part of the reason any of this is here at all (waves hand around at Medievalpoc) is to inspire people to look deeper, and stop accepting misinformation that brickwalls creativity.