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Overlooked Immune Organ Predicts Longevity and Disease Risk in Adults

Scientists have long dismissed the thymus, a small gland in the chest that trains immune cells, as irrelevant in adults because it shrinks and turns to fat with age. New research challenges that assumption, finding that adults with healthier thymus glands live longer and face lower risks of lung cancer and heart disease. Using artificial intelligence to analyze routine chest scans from over 27,000 people, researchers tracked thymus health across two major studies. Those with better thymus health had significantly lower death rates over 12 years, even after considering age, smoking, and other illnesses. The findings suggest this shrunken organ continues regulating inflammation and metabolism throughout life. Lifestyle factors like exercise, weight, and smoking appear to influence thymus health, offering new ways to extend healthy years.

Assessing thymic function and health has highlighted the lifelong importance of the thymus as an organ that could be targeted to improv

#Thym

Brain Imaging Reveals Two Distinct Biological Subtypes of Autism

Autism has long been viewed as a single condition with varied symptoms, but new research suggests it may actually comprise two distinct biological subtypes visible in brain scans. Scientists analyzed brain connectivity patterns, or how different brain regions communicate, in 20 genetic mouse models and nearly 2,000 human participants. They discovered that autism falls into two categories: one showing unusually weak connections between brain areas linked to problems with synapses, the connections between nerve cells, and another showing unusually strong connections tied to immune system and genetic activity differences. These patterns remained consistent across species, suggesting they represent true biological divisions rather than random variation. The findings could pave the way for more targeted treatments based on which brain wiring pattern a person exhibits, moving beyond generic approaches to address the specific biology underlying each individual's condition.

Pagani et al. used cross-species fMRI to reveal two autism subtypes, characterized by lower and higher brain connectivity and linked to syna

#Autism spectrum disorder #Neuroimaging

Modified Immune Cells and Stem Cell Therapy Offer New Options for Lung Cancer Patients

Patients facing lung cancer now have access to additional treatment options that combine traditional and biological approaches. The Regeneration center offers personalized therapies using modified T cells and stem cells to help the immune system recognize and attack tumors. For aggressive small cell lung cancer, which grows rapidly and spreads early, these treatments aim to inhibit tumor growth by disrupting the formation of new blood vessels. The clinic also provides noninvasive alternatives such as high intensity focused ultrasound and targeted radiation, potentially allowing patients to avoid risky lung transplants. While these cell based therapies are not appropriate for all cancer stages, they represent a move toward highly personalized medicine tailored to specific tumor types.

When seeking treatment for lung cancer, patients must weigh all options, including the treatment protocol, risks, and potential outcomes. Th

#Lung can

Melatonin Supplements May Help Night Shift Workers Repair DNA Damage

Working nights disrupts the body's natural production of melatonin, a hormone that helps fight cellular damage. A new trial suggests that taking melatonin supplements could help protect night shift workers from potential cancer risks. In a month-long study, night shift workers who took 3 milligrams of melatonin before sleeping during the day showed improved capacity to repair oxidative DNA damage compared to those taking a placebo. Researchers measured this by tracking 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA repair, in urine samples. Higher levels indicated better repair mechanisms were functioning. Night work suppresses melatonin secretion, which may impair the body's ability to fix DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species, unstable molecules that can harm cells. The findings represent the first randomized trial connecting melatonin supplementation to enhanced DNA repair in this population. While larger studies are needed to confirm long-term benefits, the results suggest melatonin could become a practical strategy to reduce health risks for the millions of people who work overnight shifts.

https://oem.bmj.com/content/82/1/1

#Night shift work #Melatonin #DNA repair #Occupational health #Clinical trial

Women Face More Dementia Risk Factors and Stronger Cognitive Effects

Women are more likely to develop dementia than men, and new findings suggest this gap stems from both a higher number of risk factors and the fact that these factors hit women's cognitive health harder. A study of over 17,000 older patients found that women showed higher rates of six risk factors including depression, physical inactivity, poor sleep, and lower education levels. Men had higher rates of hearing loss, diabetes, and heavy drinking. The analysis revealed that when women develop conditions like hearing loss, diabetes, or high blood pressure, their thinking and memory abilities suffer more than men with the same conditions. Additionally, carrying excess weight in middle age hurt women's cognitive test scores more than men's. These findings suggest that prevention strategies need to account for sex differences. Targeting modifiable risks such as treating hearing loss, managing blood pressure, and increasing physical activity could be especially crucial for protecting women's brain health as they age.

Background Women have a greater lifetime risk of developing dementia. Despite clear sex differences, studies investigating modifiable dement

#dementia #women's health #cognitive aging #risk factors #sex differences

Fasting-Mimicking Diet Cycles Improve Crohn's Disease in Clinical Trial

Patients with mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease who followed a fasting-mimicking diet for five days each month saw significant symptom improvements compared to those eating normally. In the randomized trial, participants ate a specially formulated low-calorie diet designed to trigger fasting-like effects for five consecutive days monthly over three months. Nearly 70 percent achieved clinical response, meaning substantial symptom relief, versus 44 percent in the control group. Inflammation markers in stool dropped by 22 percent in the diet group while rising slightly in controls. Blood tests revealed reduced inflammatory molecules and immune activity linked to the disease. These findings suggest periodic fasting-mimicking cycles could serve as a dietary therapy alongside standard treatments for managing this chronic inflammatory bowel condition.

In a randomized controlled trial that included 97 participants, 69% patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) allocated to a fasting-mimicking diet

#Crohn's disease #Fasting-mimicking diet #Inflammatory bowel disease #Clinical nutrition #Immunology

Wegovy Linked to Higher Vision Loss Risk Than Ozempic, Especially for Men

New research analyzing millions of FDA safety reports suggests that Wegovy, the popular weight loss injection, may carry a significantly higher risk of a rare but serious eye condition compared to Ozempic, its lower dose counterpart used for diabetes. The condition, called ischemic optic neuropathy, occurs when blood flow to the optic nerve is cut off, potentially causing sudden vision loss. Researchers examined over 30 million adverse event reports and found that Wegovy users showed roughly four times the risk signal for this eye damage compared to Ozempic users. Men appeared particularly vulnerable, facing about three times the risk seen in women. Both drugs contain semaglutide, but Wegovy uses a higher dose. The findings suggest the risk may increase with dosage, prompting calls for urgent clinical studies to verify these patterns and guide patient counseling.

Ischaemic optic neuropathy (ION) is a rare but vision-threatening complication recently linked to GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly sema

#Semaglutide #Vision Loss #Drug Safety

Banana Smoothies May Destroy Heart-Healthy Compounds Before Absorption

Flavan-3-ols, plant compounds linked to better heart health and sharper cognition, often come from fruits. Blending them into smoothies seems like a smart way to boost intake, but new research reveals that ingredient choice matters significantly. Scientists found that pairing these healthy compounds with fruits containing high levels of browning enzymes, particularly bananas, slashed absorption by up to 84% compared to taking supplements. These enzymes appear to break down flavan-3-ols either during mixing or inside the stomach. Mixed berries, which lack this activity, did not interfere with absorption. The findings suggest that simply tossing a banana into your antioxidant-rich smoothie could nullify many of the health benefits, offering a practical tip for home blending and commercial smoothie production.

#Nutrition #Smoothies #Flavan-3-ols #Food Science #Healthy Eating

Normal Vitamin B12 Ranges May Miss Early Brain Injury in Seniors

Current medical guidelines suggest certain vitamin B12 blood levels are adequate for older adults, but new research suggests these standards might miss subtle brain injury. Scientists studied 231 healthy seniors and found that even within the normal range, lower levels of active B12 were linked to slower brain processing speeds, delayed nerve signals in the visual system, and larger areas of white matter damage visible on brain scans. Unexpectedly, high levels of inactive B12 also correlated with elevated Tau protein, a marker associated with neurodegeneration. These findings indicate that the current definition of sufficient B12 may not protect against neurological changes in aging. The results challenge doctors to reconsider optimal nutritional thresholds for preserving brain health in later life.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ana.27200

#Vitamin B12 #brain aging #neurological health #nutrition #older adults

Beta Stem Cells for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Uncontrolled blood sugar slowly damages the heart, kidneys, nerves, and eyes, making diabetes a leading cause of serious illness. A new regenerative approach uses mesenchymal stem cells, specialized cells derived from umbilical cord tissue, to repair the pancreas directly. Physicians deliver these enhanced cells through IV infusion or targeted administration to reduce inflammation and regenerate beta cells that produce insulin. For patients with Type 2 diabetes, whose bodies grow resistant to insulin or stop producing it, The Regeneration Center Protocol aims to stabilize blood sugar without daily injections or synthetic medications. By addressing the disease at its biological root rather than just managing symptoms, the treatment seeks to prevent the severe complications that threaten longevity.

In the unfortunate event that you or perhaps a family member is coping with diabetes, you should be aware of its consequences on the body an

#Stem cell therapy #Type 2 diabetes #Pancreatic beta cells #Insulin resistance #Regenerative medicine

A Protein Building Block Boosts Cell Power Plants by Blocking Breakdown

Mitochondria serve as the cell's power plants, converting nutrients into usable energy. New research reveals that leucine, an essential amino acid abundant in meat and eggs, helps these organelles run more efficiently by shielding their surface proteins from destruction. Normally, a cellular sensor called GCN2 works with a molecule named SEL1L to tag outer mitochondrial membrane proteins for disposal. Leucine blocks this process, stabilizing the machinery that imports proteins into mitochondria and allowing the organelles to expand their workforce and increase energy production. The discovery carries clinical weight: disrupting this pathway made human lung cancer cells resistant to certain therapies, while defects in leucine processing harmed fertility in worms. The findings draw a direct line between nutrient intake and mitochondrial maintenance, offering new avenues for treating metabolic disorders and cancer.

Li et al. uncover a connection between metabolic cues and mitochondrial protein degradation, showing that specifically leucine stabilizes ou

#Mitochondria #Amino acids #Cancer research #Metabolism #Cellular biology

How Immune Cells Differ Genetically Between the Genders

Autoimmune diseases like lupus strike women far more often than men, and new research reveals part of the reason lies in how individual immune cells function differently between sexes. By examining immune cells individually rather than in mixed batches, scientists spotted distinct genetic patterns previously hidden in bulk studies. Female immune cells showed heightened activity in genes controlling inflammation signals. Male cells, meanwhile, displayed stronger activity in ribosomes, the cellular machinery that builds proteins. The team identified over 1,000 genetic variants that influence immune gene expression differently depending on sex, including variants affecting genes linked to lupus susceptibility in natural killer cells and monocytes. These findings help explain why women face higher autoimmune risk and could pave the way for treatments tailored by sex. Understanding these cellular distinctions offers a clearer picture of immune health beyond basic comparisons between men and women.

Yazar et al. characterized sex-based immune differences at single-cell resolution using sex-differential expression (differentially expresse

#Immunology #Genetics #Autoimmune disease #Gender differences #Precision medicine

Stem Cell Treatments Offer New Alternative to Surgery for Injured Joints

Active lifestyles and sports often lead to painful cartilage and ligament injuries that traditionally require surgery. Now, advanced stem cell therapies using specialized cells called mesenchymal stem cells are helping patients heal without invasive procedures. These treatments, already popular among professional athletes, involve injecting concentrated cells directly into damaged areas like knees, ankles, shoulders, or hips. The cells used at the Regeneration Center can come from the patient's own body or from umbilical cord tissue, and they work by releasing signals that trigger natural tissue regeneration. This approach not only reduces pain and swelling but also prevents the long-term arthritis that often follows untreated joint damage. Unlike conventional surgery, these procedures use biodegradable scaffolds or hydrogels to support new tissue growth, potentially cutting recovery time from years to weeks.

Cartilage injuries and Ligament damage, playing sports or living an active lifestyle, can be a painful situation (mentally and physically).

#Stem Cell Therapy #Joint Injuries #Sports Medicine #Regenerative Treatment #Orthopedics

Mystery of the AnWj Blood Type Solved After 50 Years: what it means

This protein acts as a structural component of the cell membrane. The discovery explains why some patients develop immune reactions to AnWj following transfusions or illness, and establishes an official fresh blood group system. Understanding this genetic basis supports ensure safer blood matching for the rare individuals who lack this common marker. Researchers have identified the genetic cause behind the AnWj blood group, ending a mystery that has persisted since 1972. The AnWj antigen, a molecular marker present on red blood cells of over 99.9 percent of people, lacked a known genetic origin until now. Scientists found that individuals with the extremely rare AnWj-negative blood type carry mutations in both copies of the MAL gene, which prevents production of the Mal protein on their red blood cells.

Key PointsThe inherited AnWj-negative blood group phenotype is caused by homozygosity for a deletion in MAL, encoding Mal protein.Mal protei

#Blood types #Genetics #Transfusion medicine #Rare blood types #Immunology

Common Blood Pressure Medication Strips Tumors of Immune Shield: what it means

Because telmisartan is already FDA-approved, it could potentially be repurposed to boost existing cancer immunotherapies much faster than developing fresh drugs from scratch. Laboratory tests showed the drug depleted PD-L1 in breast, colon, and ovarian cancer cells without harming healthy immune cells. The findings suggest this common heart medication might help unmask stubborn tumors, making them vulnerable to the body's natural defenses. Researchers have discovered that telmisartan, a widely prescribed medication for high blood pressure, can strip cancer cells of a critical defense mechanism that supports them hide from the immune system. The drug targets PD-L1, a protein that acts like an invisibility cloak on tumor surfaces, preventing immune cells from recognizing and attacking cancer. Unlike seven similar blood pressure medications tested, telmisartan uniquely triggers the destruction of this shield protein through a process that tags it for cellular garbage disposal.

https://jitc.bmj.com/content/14/3/e012426

#Cancer immunotherapy #Telmisartan #PD-L1 #Drug repurposing #Angiotensin receptor blockers

Enhanced Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Therapy Targets Autoimmune Diseases: what it means

Environmental factors like chemical exposure and processed foods can also trigger these disorders. Common examples include Type 1 diabetes, where the pancreas loses insulin producing cells, and Rheumatoid Arthritis, which causes painful joint inflammation. The Stem Cell Regeneration Center offers this treatment as part of efforts to recovery damage caused by these misdirected immune responses. A regenerative therapy using stem cells from umbilical cord tissue arrives in 2026 to address over 100 autoimmune conditions. These diseases develop when the immune system, which normally fights infections, mistakenly attacks healthy body tissue. Women face double the risk compared to men, with diagnoses often appearing during childbearing years between ages 15 and 45.

An autoimmune disease diagnosis happens when the patient’s immune system mistakenly attacks their body. Our immune system normally protects

#Stem Cell Therapy #Autoimmune Diseases #Regenerative Medicine #Type 1 Diabetes #Rheumatoid Arthritis

Arts Engagement Matches Exercise for Slowing Biological Aging: what it means

The protective effect was strongest for adults over 40. While physical activity is already prescribed for health, these findings suggest that visiting galleries or theater performances deserve similar recognition as tools for healthy aging. Biological aging can slow down when you visit museums or hit the gym. fresh research tracking over 3,500 adults found that both arts engagement and physical activity were tied to younger-looking cells, as measured by epigenetic clocks. These chemical markers on DNA act like biological timestamps, revealing how quickly the body is aging regardless of birth date. People who regularly enjoyed cultural activities or stayed active showed slower aging across three different epigenetic measures. Surprisingly, the benefits of attending concerts or exhibitions matched those of exercise.

AbstractBackground and Objectives. Over the past decade, ageing clocks have become widely adopted as important tools for understanding biolo

#Epigene

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