Meals in Romance Languages
This post was inspired by my confusion over dinar (Catalan) and dîner (French), which respectively mean “lunch” and “dinner/lunch” (depending on the country).
I included the main Romance languages, as well as the co-official languages in Spain, because they are the ones I am most familiar with.
* In Majorca and Menorca, berenar refers to breakfast, while in the rest of the Catalan-speaking regions, it refers to an afternoon snack.
+ Déjeuner is used in Belgium, francophone Canada, rural France, Switzerland, and French-speaking African countries for breakfast, and in most of France for lunch. Similarly, dîner refers to dinner in France and to lunch in the rest of the French-speaking countries.
almorzar/almorzo/almoço/almuerzo/esmorzar: from Vulgar Latin *admordium (breakfast) and Latin admordēre (snack)
berenar/merenda/merienda: from Latin merenda (light meal)
café: from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa) (coffee)
cea/cena/cină: from Latin cēna (dinner)
colazione/collation: from Latin collātiō (gathering of monks for a meal)
comida: from Vulgar Latin *comēre (to eat)
déjeuner/desayunar/desdejuni/dinar/dîner: from Vulgar Latin *disiūnāre (to break the fast)
dejun: borrowed from French déjeuner
goûter/gustare: from Latin gustāre (to snack)
jantar/xantar: from Vulgar Latin *iantāre (to eat lunch) and Latin ientāre (to eat breakfast)
lanche: borrowed from English lunch
mata-bicho: from Portuguese mata (kills) + bicho (bug)
pranzo/prânz: from Latin prandium (lunch)
sopar/souper: from Latin suppa (sopped bread)
Manhã means “morning”, and după-amiază and tarde mean “afternoon.” Mic, pequeno, petit, and the suffix -et mean “little.” Prima means “first.”