#neolithic era

[soosmain]

Neolithic era Emp and Erda, i dont think they actualy cross pathes but wouldnt that be funny

Brought on by a brief rabbit hole last night over the genetic ancestry of bronze age Turkey, somehow it all led back to Otzi the iceman. Anyways,

Local weirdo tries to wow uninterested weaver with his 100% Anatolian-farmer-genes

[kung-laos-hat]

Yangshao Pottery

Painted Pottery Jar with Geometric Pattern

Collection of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities

Neolithic, painted pottery jar w/low neck and two handles. Flared rim. Red Ware, slightly polished surface. Painted in black and bluish violet. Width 45 cm, height 35 cm. Banshan tradition. Bought in Lanzhou, Gansu.

Painted Pottery Jar with Two Ears

Collection of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities

Neolithic, painted pottery jar with low, flaring neck, wide mouth and two handles placed from rim to body. Red ware with polished surface. Painted in black and reddish violet. Width 15 cm, height 12.5 cm. Machang tradition with Banshan traits. Provenance Yüzhong xian. Bought in Gansu.

Red Pottery Vessel with Pointed Bottom

Collection of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities

Neolithic, monochrome, slender vessel w/pointed bottom and two handles placed low, close to bottom. Red Ware. Cord impressions over the body. Reconstructed. Width 30.5 cm, length 89 cm. Yangshao tradition. Exploration find by Bai Wanyu in Jinwangzhai, Heyin xian. Henan Province.

Single Eared Painted Pottery Jar With Triangle Pattern

Collection of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities

Neolithic, painted, pottery jar with straight, high neck and one handle placed from neck to body. Red Ware with red slip. Painted in black. Width 11 cm, height 12 cm. Banshan tradition? Settlement site material. Bought in Jin xian, Gansu.

[theenchantedwren]

CelticTriskele Triskelion Binder Journal Book of Shadows available here: https://www.etsy.com/listing/695527464/celtic-triskele-triskelion-binder

Black binder embellished with a copper dry-brushed raised Celtic Triskele. Three copper charms on copper chains: dragonfly, Tree of Life, and a moonstone-topped vial filled with dried heather flowers. Copper is an excellent conductor of magical and spiritual energies. Inside there are 32 pages to get you started, a lovely 'aged' parchment. Outside, the binder is sealed against accidental spills and mishaps. Derived from the Greek word "Triskeles" meaning "three legs", the Triskele or Triple Spiral is an ancient Celtic symbol. Often referred to by many as a Triskelion, its earliest creation dates back to the Neolithic era, as it can be seen at the entrance of Newgrange, Ireland. The Triskele gained popularity in its use within the Celtic culture from 500BC onwards. This archaic symbol is one of the most convoluted to decipher as symbolists believe it is reflective of many areas of culture from the time. The triskele can be thought to represent motion as all three arms are positioned to make it appear as if it is moving outwards from its center. Movement, or motion, is believed to signify energies, in particular within this Celtic Symbol the motion of action, cycles, progress, revolution and competition. Other connotations include: life-death-rebirth, spirit-mind-body, mother-father-child, past-present-future, power-intellect-love and creation-preservation-destruction to name but a few. Dragonfly represents change, transformation, adaptability, and self-realization. The change that is often referred to has its source in mental and emotional maturity and understanding the deeper meaning of life. The Celtic Tree of Life symbolizes the Druid belief in the link between heaven and earth. Trees were an important aspect of Celtic Culture. They provided shelter and food, and warmth through fire wood. Heather is feminine in nature and ruled by Venus and the element of water. It is also associated with Gemini and, accordingly, Mercury. It is represented by the Ogham letter Ura. Heather can be used in spells relating to new beginnings, and self-discovery, enhancing physical beauty, and bringing a peaceful resolution to any conflict. It is also used at initiations. Keeping heather about the house will attract friendly spirits and will bring peace to the household. Carrying heather will attract positive energies, general good luck and protect against rape and other violent assaults, making it useful for traveling sachets.

[academish]

brown + paleolithic & neolithic eras notes

[mostly-history]

The Steppe Geoglyphs in northern Kazakhstan.

These glyphs are made of piled-up earth, and are from around 800 BC, in the Neolithic Era.  They range from 90 to 400 metres in diameter.

Traces of structures and hearths have been found inside the geoglyphs, suggesting some kind of ritual purpose.  They also may have been used to mark ownership of land.

[autodidact-adventures]

Music History (Part 1): Prehistoric Music

There are four ways we can learn about music history: 1) from physical remains (e.g. instruments & performing spaces); 2) from visual images; 3) from writings about music; and 4) from music itself, whether preserved in notation, recordings, or in oral traditions.  The earliest evidence of music is from the first two.

The Stone Age began about 2.5 million years ago, and ended in about 3300 BC (in the Near East).  It is divided into three periods – the Paleolithic (ending about 9,600 BC), Mesolithic, and Neolithic.  Not all regions have a Mesolithic period (e.g. the Near East).

During the Stone Age, people made whistles and flutes out of animal bones.  The oldest flutes are from the Geißenklösterle Cave in Germany, dating to around 42-43,000 BC (during the Paleolithic).  They are like tiny penny whistles, with a limited range and simple sound.  One is made from woolly mammoth ivory, and the other two from mute swan bone. (One of the swan flutes is made from the radius, a bone in the forearm.)

Mammoth-ivory flute.

Swan-bone flute.

There are also Paleolithic cave paintings that seem to show instruments being played.

The Neolithic period began around 7,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent.  Pottery flutes, drums and rattles were common.  Wall-paintings in Çatalhöyük (Turkey) from the 5000's BC show musicians playing drums, to accompany dancers and also to drive out game for the hunt.

The Bronze Age followed the Stone Age, and it was about 3,300 – 1,200 BC in the Near East.  People began to make metal instruments, including horns, bells, cymbals, jingles and rattles.  Plucked string instruments also began to appear – few have survived, but they are represented on stone carvings.

[theoldstone]

The Callanish Stones are a collection of stones arranged in the form of a cross. They are located near the village and Callanish, Scotland, erected in the late Neolithic era. One local legend claims the stones were petrified giants who would not convert to Christianity. Another claims the stones as the end of a hiking path for an entity known as “the Shining One,” who walks amongst the stones in early midsummer mornings and is heralded by the call of a cuckoo.

Carved from lewisian gneiss, the Callanish Stones consist of a large stone circle, a series of standing stones, and a large chambered tomb-like structure beneath the ground.

Thought to be the focus for Bronze Age ritualistic activity, numerous nearby monuments and stone circles suggest the area itself was a site of prehistoric religious activity for at least 1500 years. Although interestingly, sometime around 1500 – 1000 BC the complex fell into disrepair as Bronze Age farmers used up the land. It was abandoned probably sometime around 800 BC and by 500 BC the smaller stones and the circle were covered by turf over 1 meter thick.

As with most things this old, the way these stones were used remains a mystery. Not surprisingly there is some thought that it was a lunar observatory, but critics quite reasonably argue that alignments between stars and standing stones are bound to exist by pure chance as much as they deliberate design. Moreover, extreme weathering and shifts in the earth over millennia mean there is no way to be certain that these alignments are even still accurate.

[zwischenstadt]

"The Neolithic revolution saw the independent development of agriculture among at least seven unconnected hunter-gatherer populations. I propose that the rapid spread of agricultural techniques resulted from increased climatic seasonality causing hunter-gatherers to adopt a sedentary lifestyle and store food for the season of scarcity. Their newfound sedentary lifestyle and storage habits facilitated the invention of agriculture. I present a model and support it with global climate data and Neolithic adoption dates, showing that higher seasonality increased the likelihood of agriculture’s invention and its speed of adoption by neighbors. This study suggests that seasonality patterns played a dominant role in determining our species’ transition to farming." "The Ant and the Grasshopper: Seasonality and the Invention of Agriculture" by Andrea Matranga, The Quarterly Journal of Economics https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjae012