A lot of this is perfectly valid and you're allowed to feel how you feel. I've said may times that there's a lot I like in Nolans movie, particularly many of the scenes on Ithaca.
1. If you're put off the homeric texts because everyone owns slaves...Odysseus owns slaves in Nolans movie too.
Eumaeus is literally a slave and Nolans movie keeps all the scenes where he talks about what a good master Odysseus is, specifically in contrast to Melantho snd Melanthius who are bad disloyal slaves and get brutally murdered as punishment.
So....I mean. That's not something Nolan actually...changed at all. If anything, he just doesn't use the actual word "slave" as much so you don't think about it. But Odysseus in Nolan's movie is very much a slave owner too.
2. Yeah, being an American watching an American film by a well known American studio does give some context here. Also having seen Nolans other films. Nolan, without fail, has vague conservative themes and is weird about women, and this film is no exception at all. (Batman and Oppenheimer were particularly on the nose.)
But even if we use your interpretation, the ending is still nihilistic doomerism that basically just says that you have no responsibility to try to FIX societies problems- the next generation can worry about that, I guess. It's Telemachus' problem now.
But yeah, there's some pretty unsubtle subtext in the idea that the light of civilization and literacy will blaze again "in the West" that has....specific political implications here.
As well as some very familiar tropes about a LOT of our post-Vietnam and post- Afghanistan war media- how you went to war, did a war crime, and suffer with the guilt of it. It's why he needs Penelopes forgiveness for his sins at the end (rather than the homeric ending, which centers on Penelopes cleverness and wise nature, establishing them as equals as the final restoration of Odysseus on Ithaca.)
3. I wasn't asking for a line by line Homeric-accurate adaptation (though, Im...curious about what rape of a minor you think would NEED to be included). All adaptations adapt, and I'm generally more interested in how any new adaptation will work with the homeric poem to tell a cohesive and interesting story.
But I do think that a movie which has marketed itself *so hard* on this idea of authenticity and research should be a little more thoughtful about what period in history the movie is...theoretically styled to and how that informs the characters.
But my "This Age of Bronze" critique isn't even a historical accuracy issue so much as a "Why in the World would this thought even occur to this character? Other than to just be a clunky vehicle for Nolans theme statement?"
And the dialogue should be better.