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@punk-feminist I hope you don’t mind me reproducing your excellent resource post here (that thread has become a monster and I don’t want to reblog it anymore!):

Zillmann and Bryant did their own lab research on this. It was very briefly covered in one of my forensic psychology lectures but they never gave us a way to access it. But I don’t think it matters too much, considering just how much evidence there is that shows that porn is harmful. I had this in my notes and I’m fairly certain I got this from a masterpost on here somewhere, so here:

(This is a lot so good luck if you’re gonna go through them)

Adult (>18 years old) exposure to pornographic media is connected with:

Believing a rape victim enjoyed rape

Check, J. & Malamuth, N. (1985). An empirical assessment of some feminist hypotheses about rape. International Journal of Women’s Studies, 8, 414-423.

Ohbuchi, K. Ikeda, T. & Takeuchi, G. (1994). Effects of violent pornography upon viewers rape myth beliefs: A study of Japanese males. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1, 71-81.

Believing women suffer less from rape

Check, J. & Malamuth, N. (1985). An empirical assessment of some feminist hypotheses about rape. International Journal of Women’s Studies, 8, 414-423.

Believing women in general enjoy rape

Check, J. & Malamuth, N. (1985). An empirical assessment of some feminist hypotheses about rape. International Journal of Women’s Studies, 8, 414-423.

Ohbuchi, K. Ikeda, T. & Takeuchi, G. (1994). Effects of violent pornography upon viewers rape myth beliefs: A study of Japanese males. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1, 71-81.

Believing a rape victim experienced pleasure and “got what she wanted”

Millburn, M., Mather, R. & Conrad, S. (2000). The effects of viewing R-rated movie scenes that objectify women on perceptions of date rape. Sex Roles, 43, Nov 2000, 645-664.

Believing women make false accusations of rape

Ohbuchi, K. Ikeda, T. & Takeuchi, G. (1994). Effects of violent pornography upon viewers rape myth beliefs: A study of Japanese males. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1, 71-81.

Believing rapist deserve less jail time

Zillmann, D & J. Bryant. (1984). Effects of massive exposure to pornography. In Malamuth, N and Donnerstein, E. (Eds), Pornography and sexual aggression. San Diego, Academic Press.

More acceptance of the rape myth

Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989). The effects of repeated exposure to sexually violent pornography, nonviolent dehumanizing pornography, and erotica. In D. Zillmann & J. Bryan (Eds.), Pornography: Recent research, interpretations, and policy considerations (pp. 159-184). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Weisz, M.G., & Earls, C. M. (1995). The effects of exposure to filmed sexual violence on attitudes toward rape. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 71-84.

More acceptance of violence against women

Allen, M., Emmers, T. M., Gebhardt, L., & Giery, M. (1995). Pornography and rape myth acceptance. Journal of Communication, 45, 5-26.

Weisz, M.G., & Earls, C. M. (1995). The effects of exposure to filmed sexual violence on attitudes toward rape. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10, 71-84.

Hald, G., Malamuth, N. & Yuen, C. (2010). Pornography and attitudes supporting violence against women: revisiting the relationship in non experimental studies. Aggressive Behavior, 36, 14-20.

More adversarial sex beliefs

Increasing their estimates of how often people engage in sex with violence

Zillmann, D & J. Bryant. (1984). Effects of massive exposure to pornography. In Malamuth, N and Donnerstein, E. (Eds), Pornography and sexual aggression. San Diego, Academic Press.

More self-reported likelihood of rape

More self-reported likelihood of forced sex acts

Creating more sexually violent fantasies to get aroused

Malamuth, N. (1981). Rape fantasies as a function of exposure to violent sexual stimuli. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 10, 33-47.

Engaging in more sexual harassment behaviours

Barak, A., Fisher, W.A., Belfry, S., & Lashambe, D. R. (1999). Sex, guys, and cyberspace: Effects of internet pornography and individual differences on men’s attitudes toward women. Journal of Psychological and Human Sexuality, 11, 63-92.

Vega, V. & Malamuth, N. (2007). Predicting sexual aggression: The role of pornography in the context of general and specific risk factors. Aggressive Behavior, 33, 104–117.

More likelihood of forcing a woman sexually

Boeringer, S.B. (1994). Pornography and sexual aggression: Associations of violent and nonviolent depictions with rape and rape proclivity. Deviant Behavior, 15, 289-304.

More likelihood of future rape

Using physical coercion to have sex

Carr, J. & VanDeusen, K. (2004). Risk factors for male sexual aggression on college campuses. Journal of Family Violence, 19, 279-289.

Crossman, L. (1995). Date rape and sexual aggression by college males: Incidence and the involvement of impulsivity, anger, hostility, psychopathology, peer influence and pornography use. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 55, 4640

Using verbal coercion to have sex

Boeringer, S.B. (1994). Pornography and sexual aggression: Associations of violent and nonviolent depictions with rape and rape proclivity. Deviant Behavior, 15, 289-304.

Using drugs and alcohol to sexually coerce women

Boeringer, S.B. (1994). Pornography and sexual aggression: Associations of violent and nonviolent depictions with rape and rape proclivity. Deviant Behavior, 15, 289-304

Having engaged in rape

Baron, L. & Straus, M. (1984). Sexual stratification, pornography, and rape in the United States. In N. Malamuth and E. Donnerstein (Eds) Pornography and Sexual Aggression. New York: Academic Press.

Boeringer, S.B. (1994). Pornography and sexual aggression: Associations of violent and nonviolent depictions with rape and rape proclivity. Deviant Behavior, 15, 289-304.

Carr, J. & VanDeusen, K. (2004). Risk factors for male sexual aggression on college campuses. Journal of Family Violence, 19, 279-289.

Malamuth, N., Addison, T. & Koss, M. (2000). Pornography and sexual aggression: Are there reliable effects and can we understand them? Annual Review of Sex Research, 11, 26-68.

Marshall, W. L. (1988). The use of sexually explicit stimuli by rapists, child molesters and non-offenders. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 2, 267-288.

Vega, V. & Malamuth, N. (2007). Predicting sexual aggression: The role of pornography in the context of general and specific risk factors. Aggressive Behavior, 33, 104–117.

Having engaged in date rape

Warshaw, R. (1988). I never called it rape. New York, Harper and Row.

Having engaged in marital rape

Simmons, C. A, Lehmann, P & Collier-Tenison, S. (2008). Linking male use of the sex industry to controlling behaviors in violent relationships. Violence against Women, 14, 406-417.

Being an adult sex offender

Marshall, W. L. (1988). The use of sexually explicit stimuli by rapists, child molesters and non-offenders. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 2, 267-288.

Being a child molester

Marshall, W. L. (1988). The use of sexually explicit stimuli by rapists, child molesters and non-offenders. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 2, 267-288.

Being an incest offender

Marshall, W. L. (1988). The use of sexually explicit stimuli by rapists, child molesters and non-offenders. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 2, 267-288.

Engaging in sexual abuse of a battered spouse

Shope, J. (2004). When words are not enough: The search for the effect of pornography on abused women. Violence Against Women, 10, 1, 56-72.

Simmons, C. A., Lehmann, P. & Collier-Tennison, S. (2008). Linking male use of the sex industry to controlling behaviors in violent relationships: An exploratory analysis. Violence Against Women, 14, 406-417.

More willingness to have sex with 13-14 year olds

Hegna, H., Mossige, S. & Wichstrom, L. (2004). Older adolescents’ positive attitudes toward younger adolescents as sexual partners. Adolescence, 39, 156, 627-651.

More sexual attraction to children

Briere, J. & Runtz, M. (1989). University males sexual interest in children: Predicting potential indices of “pedophilia” in a nonforensic sample. Child Abuse and Neglect, 13, 65-75.

Smiljanich, K. & Briere, J. (1996). Self-reported sexual interest in children: Sex differences and psychosocial correlates in a university sample. Violence and Victims. 11, 1, 39-50.

Having sexually abused children

Bourke, M. & Hernandez, A. (2009). The Butner study redux: A report of the incidence of hands-on child victimization by child pornography offenders. Journal of Family Violence, 24, 183-191.

Carter, D. L., Prentky. R. A., Knight, R. A. & Vanderveer, P. L. (1987). Use of pornography in the criminal and developmental histories of sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2, 2, 196-211.

Kingston, D. A., Fedoroff, P., Firestone, P., Curry, S., Bradford, J. M. (2008) Pornography use and sexual aggression: The impact of frequency and type of pornography use on recidivism among sexual offenders. Aggressive Behavior, 34, 4, 341-351.

Proulx, J., Perreault, C. & Ouimet, M. (1999). Pathways in the offending process of extrafamilial sexual child molesters. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11, 2, 117-129.

Seto, M. & Eke, A. (2005). The criminal histories and later offending of child pornography offenders. Sexual Abuse: Journal of Research and Treatment, 17, 2, 201-210.

Wheeler, D. L. (1997). The relationship between pornography usage and child molesting. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol 57(8-A), pp. 3691.

anti-porn-unicorn

Holy shit

evidence-based-activism

I decided to go through these and link to the sources!

I’ve added a brief summary statement about each study’s specific results. They are in the same order as presented above.

Also I found all but one source! If anyone has a copy of Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989) please link it, it looks like a very good source overall! (There were also two articles that I was only able to access the abstract for. Please link the full versions of those if you find them as well!)

Adult (>18 years old) exposure to pornographic media is connected with:

Believing a rape victim enjoyed rape

Multiple studies show that when people are exposed to sexually violent media, they later express more acceptance of rape myths and interpersonal violence. (Check, J. & Malamuth, N. 1985)

Regardless of previously held beliefs, exposure to sexually violent media led men to indicate higher percentages of women could enjoy rape. (Ohbuchi, K. Ikeda, T. & Takeuchi, G. 1994)

Believing women suffer less from rape

Subjects exposure to sexually violent material perceived less trauma to the victim in subsequent portrayals. (Check, J. & Malamuth, N. 1985).

Believing women in general enjoy rape

Subjects exposure to sexually violent material increased their beliefs that the women depicted and that women in general enjoy rape. (Check, J. & Malamuth, N. 1985)

Exposure to pornography increased men’s beliefs that women want to be raped. (Ohbuchi, K. Ikeda, T. & Takeuchi, G. 1994)

Believing a rape victim experienced pleasure and “got what she wanted”

Regardless of their reported attitudes, viewing pornography led participants, especially males, to report that women being raped received pleasure and “got what they wanted”. (Millburn, M., Mather, R. & Conrad, S. 2000)

Believing women make false accusations of rape

Regardless of previously held beliefs, exposure to sexually violent media led men to indicate that more rape cases were invented by the victims. (Ohbuchi, K. Ikeda, T. & Takeuchi, G. 1994)

Believing rapist deserve less jail time

After massive exposure (about five hours) to pornography, the participants judged rape to be a lesser offense and recommended significantly shorter prison sentences than the control group. (Zillmann, D & J. Bryant. 1984)

More acceptance of the rape myth

I was not able to find an online copy of Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989). If anyone has a copy please link it!

Men exposed to pornography were more likely than men exposed to a control film and women exposed to any film to indicate that women secretly desire or deserve rape (Weisz, M.G., & Earls, C. M. 1995)

More acceptance of violence against women

Pornography is associated to greater rape myth acceptance and subsequent behavioral aggression. (Allen, M., Emmers, T. M., Gebhardt, L., & Giery, M. 1995)

Men exposed to pornography were more likely than men exposed to a control film and women exposed to any film to be more accepting of interpersonal violence, less sympathetic to rape victims, and more attracted to sexual aggression. (Weisz, M.G., & Earls, C. M. 1995)

A meta analysis showing an overall significant positive association between pornography use and attitudes supporting violence against women in nonexperimental studies – consistent with experimental studies. (Hald, G., Malamuth, N. & Yuen, C. 2010)

More adversarial sex beliefs

I was not able to find an online copy of Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989). If anyone has a copy please link it!

Increasing their estimates of how often people engage in sex with violence

After massive exposure (about five hours) to pornography depicting common sex acts, the participants reported a lasting impression that relatively uncommon sexual practices are more common than they actually are. (Zillmann, D & J. Bryant. 1984)

More self-reported likelihood of rape

I was not able to find an online copy of Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989). If anyone has a copy please link it!

More self-reported likelihood of forced sex acts

I was not able to find an online copy of Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989). If anyone has a copy please link it!

Creating more sexually violent fantasies to get aroused

Regardless of previous inclinations, men exposed to a depiction of rape generated more sexually violent fantasies than the control group. (Malamuth, N. 1981)

Engaging in more sexual harassment behaviours

The volume of past exposure to sexually explicit materials was associated with likelihood of sexual harassment. (Barak, A., Fisher, W.A., Belfry, S., & Lashambe, D. R. 1999).

Among higher risk men, use of pornography increased the risk for sexual aggression. (Vega, V. & Malamuth, N. 2007)

More likelihood of forcing a woman sexually

Men exposed to violent pornography self-reported a greater likelihood of committing rape in a no-penalty hypothetical. (Boeringer, S.B. 1994)

More likelihood of future rape

I was not able to find an online copy of Check. J. V. P., & Guloien, T. H. (1989). If anyone has a copy please link it!

Using physical coercion to have sex

Greater use of pornography correlated with greater self-reports of using coercion to have sex and greater likelihood of raping a women if they knew they wouldn’t be caught. (Carr, J. & VanDeusen, K. 2004)

Pornography use was found to be the strongest predictor of male involvement in sexual aggression. (Crossman, L. 1995)

Using verbal coercion to have sex

Men exposed to violent pornography were more likely to have used verbal harassment to coerce women into sex. (Boeringer, S.B. 1994)

Using drugs and alcohol to sexually coerce women

Men exposed to violent pornography were more likely to have used drugs and alcohol to coerce women into sex. (Boeringer, S.B. 1994)

Having engaged in rape

There is a significant correlation between the use of pornography by a population, and the rate of rape in that population. (Baron, L. & Straus, M. 1984)

Men exposed to violent pornography were more likely to have raped a women in the past. (Boeringer, S.B. 1994)

Men who reported greater use of pornography were more likely to raped someone in the past. (Carr, J. & VanDeusen, K. 2004)

Men who use pornography were disproportionally involved in sexual aggression. (Crossman, L. 1995)

Higher risk men who use pornography are more likely to have committed acts of sexual violence. (Malamuth, N., Addison, T. & Koss, M. 2000)

Men who have committed sex crimes report significantly higher use of pornography than the general population. (Marshall, W. L. 1988)

Among higher risk men, men who used more pornography committed more sexually aggressive acts. (Vega, V. & Malamuth, N. 2007)

Having engaged in date rape

This is actually a book (about date/acquaintance rape) that I have not yet read. I tried to search the book for ‘porn’ and other similar terms, but didn’t find anything. If I find something in this specific source in the future, I will update this. (Warshaw, R. 1988)

Having engaged in marital rape

Male domestic violence offenders who utilize the sex industry use more controlling behaviors and commit more marital rape and stalking than male domestic violence offenders who do not use the sex industry. (Simmons, C. A, Lehmann, P & Collier-Tenison, S. 2008)

Being an adult sex offender

Rapists report using pornography to incite sexually violent fantasies and actions. (Marshall, W. L. 1988)

Being a child molester

Child molesters report using pornography to incite sexually violent fantasies and actions. (Marshall, W. L. 1988)

Being an incest offender

Incest offenders may use pornography at higher rates than non-offenders, but a larger sample size is needed for statistical significance. (Marshall, W. L. 1988)

Engaging in sexual abuse of a battered spouse

Abusive men who use pornography are significantly more likely to sexually abuse their wives as well. (Shope, J. 2004)

More willingness to have sex with 13-14 year olds

Older adolescents (18-19) who indicated higher likelihood of having sex with 13-14 year olds also reported higher frequency pornography use. (Hegna, H., Mossige, S. & Wichstrom, L. 2004)

More sexual attraction to children

Men who indicate more sexual attraction to some small children also indicate higher frequency pornography use. (Briere, J. & Runtz, M. 1989)

Males sexual attraction to children was associated with greater pornograhy use. (Smiljanich, K. & Briere, J. 1996, this is just the abstract but I cannot find the full text online. Please send a link if you can find it!)

Having sexually abused children

The majority of men who use child pornography have also committed “hands-on” child molestation. (Bourke, M. & Hernandez, A. 2009)

Child molesters use pornography before and during their offenses. Their pornography use may serve as both a trigger and intensification of their desires. (Carter, D. L., Prentky. R. A., Knight, R. A. & Vanderveer, P. L. 1987)

Even after controlling for other risk factors, pornography use predicted higher rates of recidivism (re-offending) in a group of child molesters. (Kingston, D. A., Fedoroff, P., Firestone, P., Curry, S., Bradford, J. M. 2008)

Child molesters who planned their offense used pornography before committing their offense. (Proulx, J., Perreault, C. & Ouimet, M. 1999)

Child pornography users often commit multiple offenses. (Seto, M. & Eke, A. 2005)

Child molesters were more likely than non-molesters to use pornography. (Wheeler, D. L. 1997, this is just the abstract but I cannot find the full text online. Please send a link if you can find it!)

anti-porn-unicorn

This is awesome, thank you for spending time on this!

#tw rape #tw sexual assault #tw pornography

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that's pussy, babe