Here's my take on the topic: the lens Christopher Nolan chose for The Odyssey is extremely inspired, and captures the heart of the original tale and its long-lasting role in western history.
That opening line, "in a time of apparent magic," immediately set up high expectations for the film when I watched it over the weekend, and I'm happy to say those expectations were met. One word in that line frames the entire movie. "Apparent." There's a couple definitions of this word, "clear to the understanding", "appearing as actual to the eye", and "manifest to the senses". And all of these definitions allow for an ambiguity that haunts the characters as well as the audience throughout the entire movie. Because yes, Odysseus and his crew can see the cyclops, but is it truly a grandiose monster, or simply a man they chose to view as supernaturally horrific due to his appearance and actions that scared them? Yes, the landing crew and the audience can see and hear Circe changing the men into pigs, but are we only getting a glimpse of their true nature for the first time, as Circe herself suggests? Is Athena following Odysseus, or are his actions haunting him? Are the gods torn between guiding Odysseus and punishing him, or are the forces of nature and the violent actions of men in conflict?
The ambiguity of it all means that we are constantly asking if any of the gods, magic, and monsters are real or if they are distorted memories/consciousness. Back to the earliest versions of the story, most of The Odyssey (or, at least, the parts of The Odyssey that we tend to focus on in retellings) is one man's recounting of his past, and not the present moment. Nolan capitalizes on this fact and emphasizes it, because we never see any sort of magic or god when we are on Ithaca. Instead, we see people talking about gods. People talk about feeling the support of Athena, the anger of Zeus, the power of Poseidon, the desire to sacrifice and pray to godsâ the apparent existence of their magic in people's lives. We are watching a story about people telling stories.
And in fostering this question, in focusing the lens on the act of telling stories, Nolan is telling a story about Odysseus as much as he is telling a story about us. We also search for magic around us, we look for the guidance of bigger ideas, we find the symbolism and metaphors of nature so that we can learn and grow. We, like Odysseus, process the complexities, the fears, and the uncertainties of the universe through the stories we tellâ including stories like The Odyssey. This story is a myth, and we have always, as a species, done the very thing Nolan does with the myth: we reinterpret history and hope, reimagine action and thought. This film understands exactly what a myth is at its core, and rather than getting caught up in creating the "perfect" adaptation of a myth from long ago, it chooses to take the ideas of the past and imprint them on the present. It focuses less on the monsters, and more on mankind. The lens Nolan chooses for this movie allows us to be Odysseus, to grapple with reality and fiction, and to find the truths that exist somewhere in-between.