Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in a transgenic chick (left)
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Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in a transgenic chick (left)
Here are just some of the words, that you are likely to use in discussion of human evolutionary research. For more information regarding how to pronounce the words check out the video below. Gaeilge To English Pailéantraipeolaíocht – Palaeoanthropology
Anailís Lithic –…
Ní obraím i pailéantraipéolaíocht i gconai, ach nuair a dhéan mé é, deanaim é as gaeilge.
'Nois ta sé ar intinn agaim scríobh post faoi … lúbitheolaíocht?…
M______ E_______ __ A________ D____________
At some stage I realised I should be journaling the progress I'm making through this machine of my own creation: being wrung out, gently by this and that other event will plot a rough cobble highway where I will lose my lessons and made objects. If there is some sort of journaled account, I will at least have some map to hand telling where such things away (awry). This sounds a lot like a realisation that I should keep a lab manual: that's not what I mean. These I have (and usually keep), but their purpose is chiefly to document, and not to explore. Exploring is up to us.
[...] The only reason that we are working with the data in this way is to provide an example of linear regression that does not use too many data points. Do not try this without a professional near you, and if a professional is not near you do not tell anybody you did this. They will laugh at you. People are mean, especially professionals.
K. Black's R tutorial, which is good.
Confocal micrograph showing the expression of different fluorescent proteins in the stem of a thale cress seedling (Arabidopsis thaliana).
Varying expression states in a cress stem
The development of insect mouthparts from the primitive chewing mouthparts of a grasshopper in the centre (A), to the lapping type (B) of a bee, the siphoning type (C) of a butterfly and the sucking type (D) of a female mosquito. Legend: a, antennae; c, compound eye; lb, labium; lr, labrum; md, mandibles; mx, maxillae hp hypopharynx.
I believe a responsible, sustainable, and intelligent society is in control of its growth and reproductive health.
Title: Exponential Artist: Mars Dolschon
Has the Future Arrived?
Two legged skink! Skinks as a family tend to being slender, elongated and sometimes having atrophied limbs. This guy bucks the trend though:
Two-legged lizard (Jarujinia bipedalis). This extraordinary two-legged skink was discovered in Suan Pung district, Ratchaburi province in central Thailand. It is the first skink (and only the second species of terrestrial reptile in the world) to have forelimbs but no hind limb
: other species of skink retain hind-limbs, but have lost the front set.
I take this to mean this bipedalism is analogous (looks similar, but is crucially distinct) to that of bipedalism in other skinks; and not that both types of bipedalism are the result of one homologous (both the result of the same original process) mutation producing different results down the line.
I imagine there'd be a lack of surprise were anyone to show many of these limb-loss skink stunts were the result of several, individual acts of convergent evolution.
(via the guardian)
Optical coherence tomograph of the fingertip.
OCT is a scanning method that follows the diffusion of photons through thin tissues, allowing us to view the different layers based on the degree to which they scatter light a t a really cool resolution.
The Real Question Is… Who Didn’t Have Sex With Neanderthals?
by Charles Choi
The only modern humans whose ancestors did not interbreed with Neanderthals are apparently sub-Saharan Africans, researchers say.
New findings suggest modern North Africans carry genetic traces from Neanderthals, modern humanity’s closest known extinct relatives.
Although modern humans are the only surviving members of the human lineage, others once roamed the Earth, including the Neanderthals. Genetic analysis of these extinct lineages’ fossils has revealed they once interbred with our ancestors, with recent estimates suggesting that Neanderthal DNA made up 1 percent to 4 percent of modern Eurasian genomes. Although this sex apparently only rarely produced offspring, this mixing was enough to endow some people with the robust immune systems they enjoy today…
(read more: Live Science) (image: NASA/JPL-CalTech)
Here is a Science fair project presented by a girl in a secondary school in Sussex . In it she took filtered water and divided it into two parts. The first part she heated to boiling in a pan on the stove, and the second part she heated to boiling in a microwave. Then after cooling she used the water to water two identical plants to see if there would be any difference in the growth between the normal boiled water and the water boiled in a microwave. She was thinking that the structure or energy of the water may be compromised by microwave. As it turned out, even she was amazed at the difference, after the experiment which was repeated by her class mates a number of times and had the same result.
It has been known for some years that the problem with microwaved anything is not the radiation people used to worry about, it’s how it corrupts the DNA in the food so the body can not recognize it.
Microwaves don’t work different ways on different substances. Whatever you put into the microwave suffers the same destructive process. Microwaves agitate the molecules to move faster and faster. This movement causes friction which denatures the original make-up of the substance. It results in destroyed vitamins, minerals, proteins and generates the new stuff called radiolytic compounds, things that are not found in nature.
So the body wraps it in fat cells to protect itself from the dead food or it eliminates it fast. Think of all the Mothers heating up milk in these ‘Safe’ appliances. What about the nurse in Canada that warmed up blood for a transfusion patient and accidentally killed him when the blood went in dead. But the makers say it’s safe. But proof is in the pictures of living plants dying!
NO, YOU PIG-IGNORANT ASSWIPES.
SOME KID’S CLASS PROJECT IS NOT REAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. YOU’VE HEARD OF “DOUBLE BLIND”, RIGHT? CALL ME WHEN IT’S PUBLISHED IN NATURE.
the structure or energy of the water
what the fuck does that even mean you realize that a water molecule is made up of three fucking atoms and if you rearrange it it isn’t water anymore and you would fucking notice
the problem with microwaved anything is not the radiation people used to worry about
Here is a handy diagram I drew of all the different types of radiation:
Microwaves != nuclear reactors, so calm your tits.
it’s how it corrupts the DNA in the food so the body can not recognize it
…do you understand what DNA is and how eating works? DNA is a jumble of protein in the middle of each cell and it tells the cells in that particular organism how to make more cells. Your body does not care about whether your food has any DNA in it or not. The chemicals it cares about are things like vitamins and sugars, as well as inorganic shit like salt.
(You can denature DNA by heating it or using chemicals like urea. It is like what happens when you fry an egg, which is basically a big glob of protein—the strands break apart and it looks like tiny white strings. Very cool.)
Microwaves agitate the molecules to move faster and faster.
I…just…that is the fucking definition of heat, whether you’re heating something over a flame or in a microwave or using the Sun. The difference is that microwaves mostly affect the water molecules in your food and they don’t need to use as much heat. Water boils at 100°C, which is just about as hot as water can get before it just turns into steam; but that’s like the lowest setting on your oven. Oven- or stove-cooked food tastes different partly because it uses higher temperatures and partly because heat is transferred in a different way.
This movement causes friction
That’s not what friction is.
It results in destroyed vitamins, minerals, proteins and generates the new stuff called radiolytic compounds, things that are not found in nature.
Let’s take these one at a time.
Vitamins are classified as water-soluble or fat-soluble. So cooking things in water will dissolve the water-soluble vitamins (C and all the B’s). Just plain heat doesn’t do that, so microwaving veggies—which keeps the water in—is actually a healthier option.
Proteins: Breaking the chemical bonds in proteins (denaturing) is a part of any cooking. However, denatured protein is still nutritious—that’s why you can meet your protein intake with foods like fried eggs and baked chicken.
Minerals are just chemical elements, like off the periodic table—sodium, iron, potassium. (Vitamins and proteins are very complex combinations of elements.)
Which brings me to the “radiolytic compound” bullshit. When you talk about breaking apart, say, iron—you’re talking about breaking down the iron atoms themselves. Which is a whole lot different than breaking the bonds between atoms. It takes hella radiation. You need shit like gamma rays—the OOOH SCARY NUCULAR radiation—which we’ve already established do not come from your microwave.
things that are not found in nature
What the shit does that even mean? You all know radioactive elements occur in nature, right? In rocks and also in living cells. That’s right, you have this radioactive kind of carbon INSIDE YOU. You get it by eating those delicious plants. We can tell how long ago something died by how much of it is left.
Tons of shit that occurs naturally is horribly bad for you. And tons of shit that never existed until we cooked it up is great for you—like the chemical compounds in a lot of medications.
PEOPLE WHO BELIEVE THIS SHIT ARE WHY CHILDHOOD DISEASES THAT CAUSED SERIOUS ILLNESSES AND/OR DEATH THAT WE NEARLY ERADICATED WITH VACCINES ARE NOW COMING BACK AND WHY CONSPIRACY THEORIST TWATS ARE ASKING CITY COUNCIL NOT TO FLUORIDATE THE WATER AND WHY GLOBAL WARMING WILL WRECK OUR FUCKING PLANET.
LERN 2 SCIENCE. Think before you reblog. And microwave your veggies.
HETEROZYGOATS
oh lawd.
"A device the size of your thumb could store as much information as the whole Internet ... a billion copies of the book could fit easily into a test tube and, under normal conditions, last for centuries"
George Church & Co., who have successfully encoded Church's book into synthetic DNA. Neat.
Such life forms could well be advanced versions of dinosaurs, if mammals did not have the good fortune to have the dinosaurs wiped out by an asteroidal collision, as on Earth. We would be better off not meeting them.
Dr. Ronald Breslow :: "The Greatest Closing Paragraph Ever" @ io9 :: source paper