The Rule of 3
There are 3 things your character needs to survive, no matter what the situation is: food, water and shelter. Well, and air, of course.
The Rule of 3 means that a human can only survive.
3 minutes without air. If your character can’t breathe, if they’re drowning for example, they can’t draw in the oxygen their blood needs, but most importantly, they can’t expel the carbon dioxide that is slowly poisoning them.
EDIT: Thanks to a reader @forcesunleashed, I learned that my information was incorrect, and for that, followers, I am so sorry. If a person is drowning, chances are they will be unconscious within a minute or less, which is not enough time for them to be poisoned by carbon dioxide. Death occurs from oxygen deprivation to the brain.
(if there are any other eagle eyed readers that spot something incorrect in my posts, please do not hesitate to call me out!)
3 hours without shelter. I know this may seem trivial compared to food and water, but in extreme conditions, like freezing in the Arctic or baking in the desert, it wouldn’t take much for the environment to kill your character. Finding shelter protects your character from the elements. I would even go as far as to include fire and clothing in this section. Anything your character can use to protect themselves from the brutality of nature is going to increase their chances of survival.
3 days without water. Dehydration is a nasty, painful way to die. Without water, their body slowly starts using what fluid they have in their urine, their blood, and their sweat to keep their motor running. Eventually, that fluid runs out, their organs fail and they die.
3 weeks without food. Everybody knows we need food to live. It provides your character with the energy they need to secure everything else on this list. Without food, your characters body will essentially start to cannibalize itself. It digests the nutrients from parts of their body to fuel the other parts. Your character can go longer without food than water, but without the energy to find water, your character is doomed either way.
In the following weeks I will be making master posts highlighting all of these things with example scenarios and suggestions for getting your character out alive.


















