Leading with feedback and goal setting
Goal setting is a powerful way of motivating people, simply the best.
And it is an essential part of the Solution Focussed process in coaching. This blog focusses on commonalities and is linking Solution Focused coachingpractice to Locke & Lathams goal setting theory. All of the requested elements of a well designed goal setting process are incorporated within the Solution Focused process.
 Goal setting is also a broadly used instrument, esp. as 360 degree feedback of leading and developing people. Goal setting is an essential part of my Solution Focus Coaching process, and has a lot in common with psychological areas of motivation. Psychology of motivation is differentiating between motivational (about choosing a goal) and volitional (about goal realization) phenomenon, each providing a slightly different focus. Volitional theories are focussing on the conditions, strategies and mechanisms are bringing the realization forward. Today, goal setting is accepted amongst the most valid and motivating theories as well in organizational psychology and in human resource management. Many of us have learned to set smart goals â specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bound - leading to good results. But is this the best way of goal setting?
 Locke & Lathams theory and Solution Focus practice
Amongst the various theories about goal settings I have a favourite one: it is the goal setting theory of Locke and Latham (1990). Focussing on features an actional goal needs to have, it is providing predictions of accomplishment as well as quantity as quality and actually towards work confidence. Central thesis is, that there is a clear relationship of how difficult and specific a goal was and peoples performance, that was given to attain the goal: high and specific goals compared to little targets (that might be formulated as i.e. do your very best) are conveying performance. It is essential, that the person considers the goal as binding and gets a feedback about goal achievement - This parallels a lot with tools of Solution Focus, as Solution Focus is also giving a strong focus on action tools and behaviours, rather than thoughts. All these are tools and elements, that are part of genuine Solution Focus coaching process:
Good goals comprise the following characteristics:
What does this mean for solution focus practise? De Jong & Kim Berg (2002) point out, that one characteristic of a well-formed goal is its importance to the coachee. As a result of a 360 degree feedback, i.e., interest and importance are given at different levels. The mere process of goal setting and engaging the coachee in conversations behind the computer feedback of results is working as a motivational instrument, even more when done in a solution focused way. So never miss this great chance of positive conversations - Coachees feel respected and motivated to work on changing their work lives to the desired future.
1. goals need to have clarity:
Goals need to be measurable and unambiguous, to provide clarity. That sounds simple, thus is introducing two very powerful tools of Solution Focus coaching as well: scaling and goal formulation process.
Let me put in some thoughts about ambiguity here: In Solution focus, a goal is more than the absence of something negative. Nobody goes on a shopping spree with a list that reads like: no apples, no pens, no papers.... A goal is something positive. Everyone knows that â it´s explicit knowledge. But in many coaching conversations I am asking â what should happen in this session today, so you could that it was worth seeing coach Netti today?â â asking for a good outcome of a session - I get answers like: `Em`, or `I don´t want to (...)` ⌠or `I don´t know`. I am taking the latter as a request to shut up, so I wait and see. At the end there will be clarity about what the coachees wants in line with the company regulations.
The request for measurability is also fulfilled in solution focus: Any goals are measurable in the SF coaching process. As part of the solution building and approaching the goal, it is essentially to know the values of present and future as the coachees sees it. So simply asking âOn a scale of 1 to 10, where 10 is standing for ( the goal) and 1 stand for the opposite, where are you now?â So this assigns values to the goal and to the present, making it easier to elaborate next necessary steps within the coaching process.Â
following Latham&Lockes theory, people are often motivated by the mere challenge of reaching the goal. So an easy-to-reach goal might work just in the opposite way - it might be demotivating. By engaging the coachee in the positive goal setting process, the attractivity of the goal will be judged following the theory by the anticipated accomplishment. Within Solution Focussed scaling, the present state (âwhere are you right now on the scale..â), the goal state and the next steps (âwhat does it require to go up one step?â, âwhat difference does it make?â, what are the advantages? For Whom?â) to undertake for reaching the goal will get clearer. The goal will be described in a detailed way, to get a picture as lively as possible. This SF tool will balance and outline the goal well. So finally the goal won´t be too easy, neither too difficult, but just an appropriate challenge. Furthermore, during this goal setting process, many possible supporters might be identified as well as overlooked resources. Â
Goals must be understood and agreed upon, if they shall be accepted and understood. Coaching and setting goals within a Solution Focussed conversation is comprising acceptance and understanding. Furthermore the Solution Focused process of co-constructing goals means, that coachees will be more likely to buy in, as they have been co-constructing in a certain way. Agreed goals are leading to more commitment.
Having put in quite some investments in time and effort to the entire goal setting process, the cream on top is added by a good and qualitative feedback loops. This is the time of Solution focus follow up sessions in coaching. It adresses resources again by challenging what is working well and what needs improvement and assistance. Feedback provides a great opportunity for benchmarking, getting a relevant outside perspective on development. It is a perfect stering and leading tool, especially if the value is acknowledged by taking some time and literally sitting down and reflecting on what has gone well since the last talk, what else and where could be supporters and some still hidden some capacities for improvement. A factor, that should not be neglected in long term-performance terms. Â
Today's business world already provides high complexity in many tasks, projects or assignments. Many of the coachees are already highly motivated, some might tend to overdo in times of burnout. The focus here is to make sure â on a long distance â that people don´t overstress their work power and efforts in multitasking projects, so that on a long scale they will be able to perform on their good level. An acknowledgement of limitations (i.e. by providing sufficient time to meet the goal or to provide sufficient time for learning what is required to do) might be a releasing factor. In solution coaching, a regularly evaluation of how the coachee is doing is provided for reaching satisfactory solutions for them and the company. Customarily, this again is done by scaling â by asking coachees to rate their progress on a scale of 1 to 10. It will be also a relevant point of discussion, whether the goal is situated at a â10'â or below.
Consequently, in solution focussed coaching and goal setting coachings, the main task of a solution focused coach is leading the coaching conversation to clarify the coachees goals and then catalysing changes and resources on the way to success. This is done with negotiating the next necessary steps on the way to the goal.
(To be continued)Â Netti Kutsche-Roch