All We Do is Remix: How Borges Validated Fanfic in 1967
Thinking about how the legendary Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges basically validated fanfiction culture decades before the internet even existed.
In his essay "The Four Cycles," his whole thesis was that humanity literally only has four (4) core stories, and all of world literature is just us retelling, remixing, and transforming them over and over again until the end of time.
According to him, every story ever told is just a remix of one of these:
1. The City Under Siege: A doomed stronghold defended by brave people who know they're probably going to lose. (The Trojan War, Helm's Deep, your favorite sci-fi last stand).
2. The Return: The agonizingly long, terrible journey back home. (The Odyssey, characters trying to get back to their original timeline or universe).
3. The Quest: A massive road trip to find a very specific shiny object or ultimate truth. (The Golden Fleece, the Holy Grail, the MacGuffin hunt).
4. The Sacrifice of a God: An all-powerful being dying for humanity, for love, or for knowledge. (Odin hanging from the tree).
Here is how four of the most legendary HP fanfics map perfectly onto Borges' four basic narratives:
1. All the Young Dudes by MsKingBean89
The Narrative: The Siege of the City
Why it fits: Borges described this as brave people defending a strong city, even knowing it is doomed to fall to "iron and fire." In ATYD (the massive, canon-compliant Marauders' era retelling), the "city" they are defending isn't made of stone; it's their youth, their friendships, and their world against Voldemort's first rise. The absolute tragedy of it is that we already know the defense is doomed. We know who dies, who gets framed, and who betrays them. But the beauty is watching them fight so bravely for it anyway.
2. The Debt of Time by ShayaLonnie
The Narrative: The Return Home
Why it fits: Borges used the myth of Ulysses spending years trying to get back to Ithaca as the ultimate "Return." In The Debt of Time, Hermione is thrown back into the 1970s and adopted into the Potter family. To protect the timeline, she has to live the "long way around"; aging through decades of history, surviving the first war, and watching her friends grow up all over again just to make it back to her original timeline. Her entire life becomes an exhausting, epic odyssey just to return to her own "Ithaca."
3. Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality by Eliezer Yudkowsky
Why it fits: Borges defined this as a hero setting out to find the ultimate prize (like Jason hunting the Golden Fleece). In HPMOR, Harry is raised by a scientist and enters Hogwarts armed with quantum mechanics. While canon Harry hunts Horcruxes, this version of Harry is on a much more arrogant crusade: his quest is to defeat Death itself. It’s a purely intellectual journey to hack the universe's magic system and claim immortality for humanity.
The Narrative: The Sacrifice of a God
Why it fits: Borges' final story is about absolute self-immolation; a deity who sacrifices themselves for the world. Manacled is an incredibly dark, Voldemort-won AU, but at its core, it is a devastating story about sacrifice. Hermione and Draco both act as martyrs, sacrificing their bodies, their sanity, their morals, and their souls on the altar of the war. They make god-like, horrifying choices, essentially destroying themselves to save what little is left.
So the next time you feel weird about writing the exact same "bed sharing" or "enemies to lovers" trope for the fifth time, remember that one of the most legendary literary masters of the 20th century essentially said, "yeah, we're all just rewriting the same four fics anyway."
Put your blorbos in the doomed city. It's what Borges would have wanted.