History memesâŚbecause Iâm a nerd.Â
wallacepolsom
Alisa U Zemlji Chuda
AnasAbdin

blake kathryn
Keni
Not today Justin
art blog(derogatory)
Peter Solarz
KIROKAZE

Kaledo Art
Cosmic Funnies

Origami Around
PUT YOUR BEARD IN MY MOUTH
DEAR READER
we're not kids anymore.

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I'd rather be in outer space đ¸
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One Nice Bug Per Day
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seen from United States

seen from TĂźrkiye
seen from Singapore
seen from Netherlands

seen from Belgium
seen from France
seen from United States
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seen from TĂźrkiye

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@ohhistory
History memesâŚbecause Iâm a nerd.Â
united states elementary school children standing to say the pledge of allegiance on a random wednesday morning in 1954 and finding out they added a new section
ive seen a lot of unintentionally VERY funny interpretations of Cain & Abel but portraying them as a couple of mid-1950s schoolyard boys having a âWHY I OUGHTAâ fight is realy just splendid
The flexibility of a knights sabaton
The best notes written in manuscripts by medieval monks
Colophon: a statement at the end of a book containing the scribe or ownerâs name, date of completion, or bitching about how hard it is to write a book in the dark ages
Oh, my hand
The parchment is very hairy
Thank God it will soon be dark
St. Patrick of Armagh, deliver me from writing
Now Iâve written the whole thing; for Christâs sake give me a drink
Oh d fuckin abbot
Massive hangover
Whoever translated these Gospels did a very poor job
Cursed be the pesty cat that urinated over this book during the night
If someone else would like such a handsome book, come and look me up in Paris, across from the Notre Dame cathedral
I shall remember, O Christ, that I am writing of Thee, because I am wrecked today
Do not reproach me concerning the letters, the ink is bad and the parchment scanty and the day is dark
11 golden letters, 8 shilling each; 700 letters with double shafts, 7 shilling for each hundred; and 35 quires of text, each 16 leaves, at 3 shilling each. For such an amount I wonât write again
Here ends the second part of the title work of Brother Thomas Aquinas of the Dominican Order; very long, very verbose; and very tedious for the scribe; thank God, thank God, and again thank God
If anyone take away this book, let him die the death, let him be fried in a pan; let the falling sickness and fever seize him; let him be broken on the wheel, and hanged. Amen
what does oh d fuckin abbot even MEAN
an abbot is the head of a monastery so it just means âfuck my bossâ basically, an abbreviation of âO damned fuckin Abbotâ. this is what it looks like:
Brasenose College MS 7, f.62vÂ
Medieval monks say Fuck Work
whatâs christmas even like in non-christian families? in completely non-religious families? like what do you tell your children? âwell, kids, weâre eating a whole lot of food and spending a fuckton of money spoiling you because some other people somewhere believe their holy lord and saviour and the greatest person to walk the earth was born 2000 years ago. hereâs a playstation.â
yeah pretty much
i legit didnt know non-christians celebrated christmas⌠literally never crossed my mindÂ
We do, and basically itâs like âHey kids, letâs decorate a tree, exchange presents, eat a fuckload of food, and get a picture with the creepy mall Santa that probably will be arrested next weekâ. I didnât even know it was a religious holiday until I was 9
Christmas was celebrated here (in Norway) for several thousand years before Christianity got here. There was literally nothing Christian about it in the beginning, the Christians just figured itâd be easier to say that Jesus was born on a day that was already celebrated than to make up a new holiday and force it on people
Pretty much every culture in the northern hemisphere has had a celebration in the fuck-all heart of winter purely because itâs depressing as fuck when itâs cold all the time and dark for 90% of the time
So long before jesus was born someone was like
âk itâs cold and dark and the view outside is literally identical to our concept of hell but I made you this candle stop being sadâ
Yep, Easter existed before Jesus died on this day. Basically pretty much every âChristianâ holiday was put on a pagan holiday, like lots of churches were also built on pagan places of worship. Thatâs how they made Christianity a success. We call that marketing now.Â
Christmas is rooted in pre-Christian Solstice celebrations. By Dec. 25th, days are getting noticeably longer. Light is triumphing over the dark. Spring and life will eventually return. In the dead of winter, the promise of renewal. Itâs an ancient and powerful thing, that has been integral to human culture and religion in every culture around the globe.Â
Christians couldnât get people to stop celebrating their solstice feast days, so they replaced the ârebirth of the sunâ celebrations with a âbirth of the sonâ celebration. Literally all they did was tweak existing mythology and relabel old traditions.Â
Christmas is far, far older than Christianity. Donât flatter yourselves.Â
Additionally the birth of Christ was probably sometime in the spring or summer. (we base this on tax times and lambing seasons). By and large*, Christians didnât start celebrating the birth of Jesus in December until 336 when Roman Emperor Constantine did a whole bunch of shady stuff to give his mommaâs religion more power/importance and basically set Christianity on the sucky ass path itâs been on every since. (fyi it was Pope Julius I who made it an official holiday a few years later).
*There is some speculation on why this was so easily accepted. One reason being that for reasons not quite known the date was already associated with Jesusâs birth. In the second century Hippolytus wrote in passing that Jesusâs birthday was on December 25th and I think this gets largely ignored because it doesnât fit with the currently popular historical narrative. That said humans have long had traditions of combining/appropriating regional holidays as populations move into and out of areas and we have ALWAYS had a mid winter holiday for reasons.
tl;dr: The most readily identified secular Christmas observations/symbols/etc arenât Christian at all, so itâs not remotely odd to me that Christmas is celebrated by nonchristians. Itâs odder to me that nonchristians get all riled up when those secular symbols are attacked. (like holiday reindeer cups, etc)
ps. I realize that those symbols are not secular to everyone, but in most current observances there is little knowledge or understanding of their religious roots.Â
âCLIMBS UP ON SOAPBOXâ
ALSO BECAUSE IâM NOT DONE
Christmas trees? Why the fuck do we drag a tree into our house and decorate it in the middle of winter? Because the evergreen is an ancient pagan symbol associated with immortality and rebirth, as itâs the only tree that is green in the dead of winter. Romans used fir branches to decorate their homes at Saturnalaia. Pagans in Europe used fir and holly branches to remind themselves that rebirth and growth would return, as even the coldest winter could not kill all the green growing things. It doesnât have fuckall to do with Jesus, kids.Â
Santa? The wise old man who rides a sleigh drawn by eight reindeer through the sky on Yule Night? Based on Odin, the Allfather of the Norse Gods, who rode his eight-legged steed Slepnir on a hunt through the sky on Yule night. Children would leave their boots out, filled with hay or root vegetables for Odinâs mount as an offering. If this pleased Odin, he would leave gifts in return, for all gifts must be returned in kind.Â
Sound familiar?? (Right and the reindeer? A hugely important animal to most of the Northern European cultures where solstice celebrations originated. They also have ties to the Horned God, the god of the hunt, which associates them with Odinâs ride with the Wild Hunt on Yule Eve. Again, ainât got shit-all to do with Jesus.)Â
Christmas.Â
Ainât.Â
Christian.Â
*builds a soapbox big enough for the both of us, passes you a cup of eggnog and a spiced cookie*
Donât get me started on St. Nic.Â
Saint Nicolas (the Wonderworker) was a wealthy, 4th century Turkish saint (so the likelihood of that round white man with the white beardâŚyeahâŚpretty slim *snickers at pun*) with a reputation for secret gift giving, ie putting coins in shoesâŚwhich I wonder where that notion would have come from? I mean on the one hand, yes, previously existing traditions from others, but also, shoes are handy? and a place someone is likely to absolutely not miss a thing.
But really, THATâS IT. He didnât leave toys for children or build them or any such thing. What we have is just have a good olâ case of FUSION going on wherein the Christians were super excited to have someone of their own who could take on the traits of a figure most likely already common in their time/geography. Because Iâma guess folks really didnât want to give up this kind of fun.
It REALLY helped that St. Nicâs feast day was early December.Â
The holiday took off during the Middle Ages in areas where anything pagan had better be rebranded as Christian or folks couldnât keep it. St. Nic was handy, became Sinterklass and heck yes took a whole bunch from Odin cause you knowâŚOdin needed a Christian face if he was going to continue spoiling kids with sweets.Â
As it stands now, St. Nic is nearly lost in all but name, but manâŚwhen people start getting super passionate about their white santa I like to drag him out and wave him around.
GESTICULATES WILDLY AT ABOVE POST WHILE SHOVING COOKIE INTO MOUTH
And St. Nick became associated with the earlier Odin myth BECAUSE he shared some features compatible with the Odin myth and was a suitable Christian figure to use to cover up the older, pagan roots of the tradition!
SANTA IS EITHER A TURKISH MAN OR THE POWERFUL KING OF A PAGAN PANTHEON TAKE YOUR PICK EITHER WAY YOUR JOLLY LITTLE WHITE SANTA IS A LIE.
AND THEN THE ELVES. FUCK ME THE ELVES.Â
Tied inextricably to the myths of the âlittle people,â and of course to the powerful Sidhe and the dwarves of Norse myth, who crafted wondrous gifts for the gods in their marvelous workshops. Â
The Fair Folk were well known for punishing those who crossed them, and conversely richly rewarding those who pleased them. Or, in other words, âThe Naughty and Nice.âÂ
âSwigs eggnog, drops mic.âÂ
Okay so like my favorite awful Christmas movie is the Life and Adventures of Santa Claus because holy heck it takes all the pagan elements cuts them up and stitches them into this wild but somehow historically honest (not accurate, honest, thereâs a difference) quilt and yes, the naughty and nice fair/forest folk justâ *flails until you reassure me that youâve seen this claymation masterpiece*
This is why our tree is basically forest, fey, and mythological creatures because honestly the magic and wonder of the season is what I love the most.
Also, I sorta hate round fat jolly santa and I think we could have largely helped me get over that as a child if he had just ridden a beautiful giant grey horse.
NOW
DO WE EVEN WANT TO GET INTO THE MESS THAT IS YULE LOGS?
OH FUCK I THOUGHT NO ONE ELSE EVEN KNEW ABOUT THAT MOVIE MY MOTHER WATCHED IT WITH US WHEN I WAS A LITTLE BUDDING FILTHY HEATHEN AND SHE WAS ALREADY A FULLY FLEDGED FILTHY HEATHEN.
My tree is all vintage glass ornaments that Iâve gotten from thrift shops because I love the sheer beauty of them and because I feel like my pagan ancestors would have also loved them.Â
And OH FUCK YULE LOGS, traditionally cut from an oak tree, which has such deep rich symbolism in old pagan mythology that itâs worthy of a whole essay on its own, decorated with evergreen and holly for rebirth and immortality, and burned on the solstice to celebrate the return of light and warmth.
Thereâs an old, old rhyme for this;Â
May the log burn, May the wheel turn, May evil spurn, May the Sun return.
And then of course the ashes were used as powerful protection and fertility charms.Â
CHRISTIANITY CONTENT; 0.000000%.Â
âOffers spiced mead and gingerbread.âÂ
I thoroughly enjoyed reading this andâŚ
HOLY CRAP, OTHER PEOPLE KNOW ABOUT THAT MOVIE?! ITâS MY FAV FUCKING XMAS MOVIE AND WHEN I SHOW IT TO PEOPLE THEYâRE LIKEâŚWTF DID I JUST WATCH?!
NowâŚ.can I get on this spiced mead and cookies business?!
YEEAAAAAHHHHHH I love this whole thread!Â
In my country, in the little town my grandparents used to live, people still burn a decorated log at Solstice and masked men in furs dangle big cowsâ bells to scare the darkness away. I live in Romania.
So can I make tshirts that says
CHRISTMAS IS A LIE - HAPPY YULE!! with all the âtraditional Christmasâ symbols like reindeer and evergreens and such because thats all Pagan symbolism anyway??
I wanna make this shirt. I live in the bible belt. I need it.
Whatâs funny is that this actually happened.Â
Iâm unfamiliar with this story please elaborate
Finnish soldier gets separated from the rest of his unit but heâs the only one carrying the emergency amphetamines for the unit, takes too many and goes on a one man rampage for like 2 weeks straight giving the opposing Soviet soldiers nightmares for decades. Oh and he did it all on skis.Â
Did he survive?
Yes, during his methed up 2-3 week rampage he got injured by a land mine, travelled 400km on skis, and only ate pine buds and a Siberian Jay that he caught which he ate raw. When he made it back to Finnish lines he was taken to a hospital where it was found his heart rate was nearly 200 beats per minute and his weight had dropped to 43kg (94.7lbs).
His name was Aimo Koivunen if you want to look him up
Those are the eyes of a man who has seen god and laughed
This whole adult content ban reminds me of that one time in history when the church in Rome banned prostitution and brothels which caused so many ppl to leave that it brought the city to the brink of economic collapse
useless ancient roman law facts
if you call someone to witness and they refused to show up, you are legally entitled to stand outside their house and scream, but only every third day
you can sell your son into slavery once or twice, but after the third time he doesnât have to put up with that shit anymore
no wailing allowed at funerals
also you can only have ONE funeral per person, donât get greedy
if your neighborâs tree has a branch hanging into your yard, you can legally cut down the entire fucking tree
however, if some of your neighborâs fruit from his dumb tree falls into your yard, he can legally come into your yard to snoop around get it
if you call someone to witness and theyâre too sick or old to get to court themselves, you have to provide a cart for them to come in, but it doesnât have to be, like, a nice cart if you donât want it to
the best thing about this is that each of these things must have happened at least once
This is an excellent point.
iâm not saying this to be snobby bc iâm not expecting everyone to know their art history and i do this too, but i do think itâs genuinely funny that whenever people online see ugly old art they assume itâs medieval art, and whenever people see complicated realistic figures and scenes they assume itâs renaissance art, or less commonly baroque.Â
people thinking fernando boteroâs cat paintings are medieval art is especially funny cause heâs literally still alive
this image (still life with green soup) was created in 1972 and people thought it was from ~400 AD to 1400 AD, like it has a modern doorknob and a modern kettle and everything
But that cat is honestly old as time. Like, yâall see whatâs happened here right? The cat is a time traveler who has brought the doorknob and kettle back with him to medieval times (when this was painted) bc he thought they were pretty cool. Fernando Botero is obvi a warlock who trapped the timecat in this painting bc he was too powerful and was messing w/ the timeline. This painting is allowed to exist so it can be a warning to all other mischievous timecats not to step out of line.
As someone who originally trained as a social historian of the Medieval Period, I have some things to add in support of the main point. Most people dramatically underestimate the economic importance of Medieval women and their level of agency. Part of the problem here is when modern people think of medieval people they are imagining the upper end of the nobility and not the rest of society.Â
Your average low end farming family could not survive without womenâs labour. Yes, there was gender separation of labour. Yes, the men did the bulk of the grain farming, outside of peak times like planting and harvest, but unless you were very well off, you generally didnât live on that. The women had primary responsibility for the chickens, ducks, or geese the family owned, and thus the eggs, feathers, and meat. (Egg money is nothing to sneeze at and was often the main source of protein unless you were very well off). They grew vegetables, and if she was lucky she might sell the excess. Her hands were always busy, and not just with the tasks you expect like cooking, mending, child care, etc.. As she walked, as she rested, as she went about her day, if her hands would have otherwise been free, she was spinning thread with a hand distaff. (You can see them tucked in the belts of peasant women in art of the era). Unless her husband was a weaver, most of that thread was for sale to the folks making clothe as men didnât spin. Depending where she lived and the ages of her children, she might have primary responsibility for the families sheep and thus takes part in sheering and carding. (Sheep were important and there are plenty of court cases of women stealing loose wool or even shearing other peopleâs sheep.) She might gather firewood, nuts, fruit, or rushes, again depending on geography. She might own and harvest fruit trees and thus make things out of that fruit.  She might keep bees and sell honey. She might make and sell cheese if they had cows, sheep, or goats. Just as her husband might have part time work as a carpenter or other skilled craft when the fields didnât need him, she might do piece work for a craftsman or be a brewer of ale, cider, or perry (depending on geography). Ale doesnât keep so women in a village took it in turn to brew batches, the water not being potable on itâs own, so everyone needed some form of alcohol they could water down to drink. The womenâs labour and the money she bought in kept the family alive between the pay outs for the men as well as being utterly essential on a day to day survival level.
Something similar goes on in towns and cities. The husband might be a craftsman or merchant, but trust me, so is his wife and she has the right to carry on the trade after his death.
Also, unless there was a lot of money, goods, lands, and/or titles involved, people generally got a say in who they married. No really. Keep in mind that the average age of first marriage for a yeoman was late teens or early twenties (depending when and where), but the average age of first marriage for the working poor was more like 27-29. The average age of death for men in both those categories was 35. with women, if you survived your first few child births you might live to see grandchildren.
Do the math there. Odds are if your father was a small farmer, heâs been dead for some time before you gather enough goods to be marrying a man. For sure your mother (and grandmother and/or step father if you have them) likely has opinions, but you can have a valid marriage by having sex after saying yes to a proposal or exchanging vows in the present (I thee wed), unless you live in Italy, where you likely need a notary. You do not need clergy as church weddings donât exist until the Reformation. For sure, itâs better if you publish banns three Sundays running in case someone remembers you are too closely related, but itâs not a legal requirement. Who exactly can stop you if you are both determined?
So the less money, goods, lands, and power your family has, the more likely you are to be choosing your partner. There is an exception in that unfree folk can be required to remarry, but they are give time and plenty of warning before a partner would be picked for them. It happened a lot less than youâd think. If you were born free and had enough money to hire help as needed whether for farm or shop or other business, there was no requirement of remarriage at all. You could pick a partner or choose to stay single. Do the math again on death rates. Itâs pretty common to marry more than once. Maybe the first wife died in childbirth. The widower needs the work and income a wife brings in and thatâs double if the baby survives. Maybe the second wife has wide hips, but he dies from a work related injury when sheâs still young. She could sure use a manâs labour around the farm or shop. Letâs say he dies in a fight or drowns in a ditch. Sheâs been doing well. Her children are old enough to help with the farm or shop, she picks a pretty youth for his looks instead of his economic value. You get marriages for love and lust as well as economics just like you get now and May/December cuts both ways.
A lot of our ideas about how people lived in the past tends to get viewed through a Victorian or early Hollywood lens, but that tends to be particularly extreme as far was writing out womenâs agency and contribution as well as white washing populations in our histories, films, and therefore our minds eyes.
Real life is more complicated than that.
BTW, there are plenty of women at the top end of the scale who showed plenty of agency and who wielded political and economic power. Iâve seen people argue that the were exceptions, but I think they were part of a whole society that had a tradition of strong women living on just as they always had sermons and homilies admonishing them to be otherwise to the contrary. Thereâs also a whole other thing going on with the Pope trying to centralized power from the thirteenth century on being vigorously resisted by powerful abbesses and other holy women. Yes, they eventually mostly lost, but it took so many centuries because there were such strong traditions of those women having political power.
Boss post! To add to that, many historians have theorised that modern gender roles evolved alongside industrialisation, when there was suddenly a conceptual division between work/public spaces, and home/private spaces. The factory became the place of work, where previously work happened at home. Gender became entangled in this division, with women becoming associated with the home, and men with public spaces. It might be assumable, therefore, that women had (have?) greater freedoms in agrarian societies; or, at least, had (have?) different demands placed on them with regard to their gender.
(Please note that the above historical reading is profoundly Eurocentric, and not universally applicable. At the same time, when I say that the factory became the place of work, I mean it in conceptual sense, not a literal sense. Not everyone worked in the factory, but there is a lot of literature about how the institution of the factory, as a symbol of industrialisation, reshaped the way people thought about labour.)
I am broadly of that opinion. You can see upper class women being encouraged to be less useful as the piecework system grows and spreads. You can see that spread to the middle class around when the early factory system gears up. By mid-19th century that domestic sphere vs, public sphere is full swing for everyone who can afford it and those who canât are explicitly looked down on and treated as lesser. You can see the class system slowly calcify from the 17th century on.
Grain of salt that I get less accurate between 1605-French Revolution or thereabouts. Iâve periodically studied early modern stuff, but itâs more piecemeal.
I too was confining my remarks to Medieval Europe because 1. That was my specialty. 2. A lot of English language fantasy literature is based on Medieval Europe, often badly and more based on misapprehension than what real lives were like.
I am very grateful that progress is occurring and more traditions are influencing peopleâs writing. I hate that so much of the fantasy writing of my childhood was so narrow.
Historically Authentic Sexism in Fantasy. Letâs Unpack That.
Wanna reblog this because for a long time Iâve had this vague knowledge in my head that society in the past wasnât how people are always assuming it was (SERIOUSLY VICTORIANS, THANKS FOR DICKING WITH HOW WE VIEW EVERYTHING HISTORICAL). I get fed up with people who complain about fantasy stuff, claiming âhistorical accuracyâ to whine about ethnic diversity and gender equality and other cool stuff that lets everyone join in the fun, and then I get sad because the first defence is always âitâs fantasy, so that doesnât matter.â
I mean, thatâs a good and valid defence, but here you have it; proof fucking positive that historical accuracy shows that equality and diversity are not new ideas and if anything BELONG in historical fiction. As far as I can tell, most people in the past were too bloody busy to get all ruffled up about that stuff; they had prejudices, but from what little I know the lines historically drawn in the sand were in slightly different places and for different reasons. (You canât trust them furrigners. Itâs all pixies and devil-worship over there).
So next time someone tells you that something isnât âhistorically accurateâ because itâs not racist/sexist/any other form of bigotry for that matter-ist enough for their liking, tell them to shut the hell up because they clearly know far less about history than they do about being an asshole.
Awesome.
THIS POST LIFTS ME UP
IT GIVES ME LIFE
MORE LIFE THAN IâVE EVER HAD
ITâS ALL IâVE GOT
ITâS ALL IâVE GOT IN THIS WORLD
AND ITâS ALL THE POST I NEED
Also an important thing to note for the people who like to think âback when we were cavemen men were in chargeâ if you actually look at human biology that doesnât stack up. In social mammals, the only ones who undergo menopause are those with matriarchal groups. Menopause allows older females to take a break from breeding and looking after young and solely focus on being a leader and looking after the social group. If we stop looking at historical evidence through the lens of âmen are physically stronger cuz testosterone so they must have been in chargeâ we might make more sense of the lives our ancestors lived. (Also physical strength doesnât always mean leadership, even in the animal kingdom. Look at ants for a great example. Majors serve a certian role in the colony where their strength is required. But that doesnât mean theyâre in charge)
19th century Tibetan tiger rugs
Of the old Tibetan tiger rugs there are three basic groups. First are âflayedâ tiger rugs, pelts with arms, claws and head depicted. Second were more abstract representations of the tiger stripe design. Third are tigers walking in pairs, representing Yin and Yang, a Chinese influence. Among these categories some rug scholarly-types identify various sub-groups, such as realistic pelts with stylized stripes and skeleton stripes, pelts with heads at both ends, pelts without heads, stripes with rainbow ends, abstracted wavy line stripes, lip-shaped stripes, paired stripes and so on. [Bruce McClaren, The Persian Carpet]
Images from Flickr Album by Giovanni Garcia-Fenech
How on earth would you feed a city of over 200,000 people when the land around you was a swampy lake? Seems like an impossible task, but the Aztec managed it by creating floating gardens known as chinampas, then they farmed them intensively.
These ingenious creations were built up from the lake bed by piling layers of mud, decaying vegetation and reeds. This was a great way of recycling waste from the capital city Tenochtitlan. Each garden was framed and held together by wooden poles bound by reeds and then anchored to the lake floor with finely pruned willow trees. The Aztecs also dredged mud from the base of the canals which both kept the waterways clear and rejuvenate the nutrient levels in the gardens.
A variety of crops were grown, most commonly maize or corn, beans, chillies, squash, tomatoes, edible greens such as quelite and amaranth. Colourful flowers were also grown, essential produce for religious festivals and ceremonies. Each plot was systematically planned, the effective use of seedbeds allowed continuous planting and harvesting of crops.
Between each garden was a canal which enabled canoe transport. Fish and birds populated the water and were an additional source of food. [x]
(Fact Source) For more facts, follow Ultrafacts
This is literally so cool. Not only does it contribute to spacial efficiency, but the canals would easily keep pests, weeds, and possibly even diseases out of the respective plots. Companion planting and bio-intensive planting would be so much easier. Water-wise systems would be inherently present. Plus it looks so super neat aesthetically. I am just all about this.
Indigenous civilizations invented sustainable development way before there was a term for it.
this changes everything oh my god
do you understand why it trips me out that people can drive 45 minutes and be in aNOTHER COUNTRY? I drive for 45 minutes and im like
a city overÂ
I live in âItalyâ and took a day trip to go to âAustriaâ and âGermanyâ
Chums, thatâs sweet, and all, but Australia just ate Texas for breakfast.Â
If you drive for 45 minutes in Australia you arenât a city over, youâre just 45 minutes away from the city.
If you drive for 45 minutes in Australia you may not even leave the cattle station.
If you drive for 45 minutes in Canada you may not even leave your driveway.
I canât drive.Â
I will use this post to explain tumblr
Whereâs that one photo of like all the countries inside The Continent of Africa
Great Understatements in History